An Analysis of Vocabulary Activities In "English for Change" Textbook for Eleventh Grade Students as Behaviorism-Based Vocabulary Learning

Oleh :
Shilvi Anggun Choirunnisa - K2222084 - Fak. KIP

This study aims to identify the types of vocabulary activities presented in the English for Change textbook for eleventh-grade students and to examine the extent to which these activities support behaviorism-based vocabulary learning. Employing a qualitative content analysis design, the study analyzed vocabulary activities found in Units 1–5 of the textbook through document analysis. The data were analyzed using three stages: coding, tabulation, and interpretation. Trustworthiness was established through credibility, transferability, reliability, and confirmability procedures, including repeated examination of the data, systematic documentation of the analytical process, and external review by an English teacher. The findings revealed fourteen vocabulary activities categorized into six activity types: Dictionary Skills Activities, Sentence Construction Activities, Word Mapping, Semantic Feature Analysis, Vocabulary Recognition Activities, and Affixation Activities. Among these, Dictionary Skills Activities appeared most frequently, indicating a strong emphasis on form-focused vocabulary learning. The analysis further showed that drill, translation, and memorization were the dominant behaviorism categories, while repetition and reinforcement were minimally represented. Most activities emphasized controlled practice, vocabulary recall, and form-meaning association, resulting in limited opportunities for communicative vocabulary use. The study concludes that the textbook partially supports behaviorism-based vocabulary learning because only several behaviorist principles are consistently represented across the vocabulary activities. These findings provide insights into the alignment between vocabulary instruction in EFL textbooks and behaviorist learning theory and may contribute to future textbook evaluation and development.