STUDI KOMPARATIF KOMPONEN KIMIA PENYUSUN MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.), SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle L.), LADA (Piper nigrum L.) dan KEMUKUS (Piper cubeba L.)

Oleh :
ELIZA NUR SETYOWATI - M0304037 - Fak. MIPA

ABSTRACT Eliza Nur Setyowati. 2009. Comparative Study of Essential Oils Composition of The Leaves from Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav, Piper betle L, Piper nigrum L and Piper cubeba L. Thesis. Department of Chemistry. Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty. Sebelas Maret University. Species of Piperaceae family had been used long time ago as spices, flavoring agents, and medicinal substances. This study was conducted to find out the chemical composition of the essential oils of the leaves from Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav , and compared with Piper betle L, Piper nigrum L and Piper cubeba L from the literature. The essential oils of Piper crocatum were obtained by hydrodistillation with Stahl distillation method (yield 0.27% v/w) and analyzed by TLC and GC- MS. The TLC showed the presence of monoterpene, terpene alcohol and sesquiterpene hydrocarbones in the essential oils. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oils detected twenty nine components. The major components were sabinene (44.91%) and b-myrcene (18.88%). The result of comparative study showed the differences of qualitative and quantitative chemical profile between these essential oils compounds. The oil from the leaves of Piper crocatum, Piper nigrum and Piper cubeba contained mostly terpenenoid compounds that consist of monoterpene and sesquiterpene, while Piper betle was largerly composed by phenylpropanoid compounds. The relationships of these species marked by the presence of β-pinene, limonene (monoterpene), and caryophyllene (sesquiterpene) in all of them. Key words: Piperaceae, comparative, essential oils, Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav, Piper betle L, Piper nigrum L, Piper cubeba L.