Perbedaan Ekspresi S100β Pada Jaringan Medula Spinalis Tikus (Rattus Novergicus Sprague-Dawley) Model Spinal Cord Injury Dibandingkan Dengan Tanpa Injury

Nasution, Uji Kuatro

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a serious neurological condition that results in permanent or temporary loss of sensory, motor, and autonomic functions due to damage to the spinal cord. The S100β protein, primarily found in glial astrocytes, plays a crucial role in neuroprotection, neurotrophic regulation, and calcium homeostasis. Increased S100β levels have been associated with neuronal damage and neuroinflammation following spinal trauma. This study aims to analyze the differences in S100β expression in the spinal medulla tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus) subjected to a spinal cord injury model compared to a control group without injury. A true experimental study was conducted using a post-test-only randomized control group design. The experimental group underwent laminectomy and spinal cord compression using a vascular clip (35 g) to induce moderate SCI, while the control group underwent only laminectomy without compression. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect S100β protein expression in spinal cord tissue. Data analysis included intensity distribution scoring (IDS) and statistical comparison between groups. The results demonstrated a significant increase in S100β expression in the injured spinal cord group at both 6-hour and 12-hour post-injury time points compared to the control group (p < 0> Keywords: Spinal Cord Injury, S100β Protein, Neuroinflammation, Biomarker, Rat Model Abstrak Cedera Medula Spinalis (Spinal Cord Injury/SCI) adalah kondisi neurologis serius yang menyebabkan kehilangan fungsi sensorik, motorik, dan otonom secara permanen atau sementara akibat kerusakan pada medula spinalis. Protein S100β, yang terutama ditemukan dalam astrosit glial, memiliki peran penting dalam proteksi saraf, regulasi neurotropik, dan homeostasis kalsium. Peningkatan kadar S100β diketahui berkaitan dengan kerusakan neuron dan neuroinflamasi akibat trauma spinal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan ekspresi S100β pada jaringan medula spinalis tikus Sprague-Dawley (Rattus norvegicus) model cedera medula spinalis dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol tanpa cedera. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen murni dengan desain post-test-only randomized control group. Kelompok perlakuan menjalani prosedur laminektomi dan kompresi medula spinalis menggunakan vascular clip (35 g) untuk menginduksi SCI derajat sedang, sedangkan kelompok kontrol hanya menjalani laminektomi tanpa kompresi. Pengecatan imunohistokimia digunakan untuk mendeteksi ekspresi protein S100β pada jaringan medula spinalis. Analisis data mencakup penilaian skor distribusi intensitas (IDS) dan perbandingan statistik antar kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan ekspresi S100β yang signifikan pada kelompok cedera medula spinalis, baik pada waktu 6 jam maupun 12 jam pasca-trauma dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p < 0>