Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is a fundamental aspect of the industrial sector aimed at protecting workers from the risk of accidents and work-related illnesses. From 2019 to 2024, the number of workplace accident cases in Indonesia increased significantly, from 182,835 in 2019 to 356,383 as of October 2024. This upward trend underscores the importance of implementing stricter and more effective OSH policies to mitigate accident risk and enhance worker protection. Various studies have shown that implementing a safety climate significantly reduces workplace accidents and occupational diseases. This study aimed to develop a safety climate model based on local wisdom, an innovative approach that integrates cultural values into shaping perceptions of workplace safety. The model adopts Hofstede's national cultural framework while incorporating the corporate culture of the APP Sinarmas Group as part of the local wisdom aspect. Furthermore, this study focuses on the paper industry in Indonesia, which, to date, lacks specific studies on the development of a safety climate model based on local wisdom. The research methodology comprises three main stages: Model Development, Model Validation, and Analysis and Conclusion. The determination of safety climate dimensions and indicators was conducted through an in-depth literature review of 19 reference models. The analysis identified eight main dimensions and considered local wisdom as the ninth. Model testing and validation were carried out using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) approach within the framework of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The evaluation results indicate that the developed model has adequate validity and reliability, with good goodness-of-fit (GoF) test results, as shown by the fit indices: RMSEA = 0.060, SRMR = 0.041, CFI = 0.937, TLI = 0.927, and PGFI = 0.683. The validated final model comprises nine key dimensions: Management Commitment, Safety Environment, Safety Communication, Safety Involvement, Safety Rules and Procedures, Safety Training, Safety Competence, Work Pressure, and Local Wisdom, with a total of 32 indicators. The results show that local wisdom plays a significant role in shaping perceptions of workplace safety, increasing compliance with safety procedures, and reducing the risk of workplace accidents. Additionally, the integration of corporate culture influences work practices and strengthens employees' responsibility for safety. These findings align with those of Bahari and Clarke, who emphasized the importance of cross-cultural adaptation and national context in developing safety climate models. Therefore, integrating corporate culture into workplace safety policies and programs is an effective strategy for improving workforce safety performance.
