Keterkaitan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan suksesor dengan kepuasan dan profitabilitas proses suksesi bisnis keluarga di Surakarta

Oleh :
Siti Fatonah - F0205018 - Fak. Ekonomi dan Bisnis

ABSTRACT The key to solve unemployment is not through massive colongmerise, but it is enough with developing Small Average Enterprises (UKM). In this sense, family bussiness which categorized in Small Average Enterprises (UKM) can be one of solutions of the problem since family bussiness is the most significant contributor in creating real wealth and job field in all countries around world including Indonesia. Despitefully, family bussiness has organisational culture which is comfort with Indonesian culture, that is platonic. However, this is so often that family bussines is not able being longlasting enterprises because of two principal problems; leadership and unplanned succession. This research is aimed to figure out the influence of factors dealing with successor on family bussiness succession process’ satisfaction and profitability in Surakarta. Therefore, the problem formulation in this research are as follow: “How is the influence of factors dealing with successor on family bussiness succession process’ satisfaction in Surakarta?” And “How is the influence of factors dealing with successor on family bussiness succession process’ profitability in Surakarta?” . In this matter, factors which dealing with successor are the readiness of successor to take over the family bussiness, the relationship between owner- manager and successor, successor level preparation, and the harmony of the family, those all became independent variables. Subsequently, succession process’ satisfaction and profitability which being the measurements of the successful of family bussiness succession process, became dependent variables. Sample of this research were family bussiness enterpreneurs in Surakarta which already had generation commutation at least entering the second generation. This research used snowball technique sampling which required the sample used pointed out other party who could also be a sample. In this research, the researcher spread 101 questioners to responders, both from the new owners (successors) and the old owners (predecessors). Yet, only 159 questioners backed to researcher (80 from the successors and 79 from the predecessors). Therefore, analysis tool used in this research was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with composite indicator and was helped by AMOS 6.00 and SPSS 11.50 programs. The result of this research stated that this model of research has fine goodness of fit after experiencing model modification. From the test on estimate parameter (hypothesis test), the researcher knew that the influence of family harmony variable (FH) on the relationship between owner-manager and successor (REL), the influence of the relationship between owner- manager and successor (REL) on succession process’ profitability (SUCP) and succession process’ satisfaction (SUCK), the influence of the readiness of successor to take over the family business (WTO) on succession process’ profitability (SUCP) and succession process’ satisfaction (SUCK) were significant in probability P < 0, 05 because they have critical ratio value from t table 1.96. However, for the influence of successor level preparation (PREP) on succession process’ profitability (SUCP), and the influence of the relationship between owner-manager and successor (REL) on successor level preparation (PREP) were not significant because they had critical ratio value less than t table1.96 and P > 0.05. The conclusions of this research was that whether in perception of new- owner or old-owner, there are two main variables which were proven to be influential on family business succession process’ satisfaction and profitability, that were readiness of the successor to take over the family business factor and the relationship between owner-manager and successor factor. However, factor of successor readiness to take over the family business was stated as not influential because of special condition in sphere. Nevertheless, factor of successor readiness should remain be considered holistically in succession process, considering on challenge and internal condition of successor includes physiological condition and its competences in continuing family business management. Beside that, the entrepreneur should also pay attention to family harmony for the successful of succession process, both from succession process’ profitability and satisfaction.