This study investigates the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) using Institutional Fitness Theory in selected ASEAN countries during 2015-2023. In 2015, the ASEAN Countries have conducted a regional economic agreement under ASEAN Economic Community. FDI was directed to stimulate regional economic growth and competitiveness. Therefore, this study argues that the Institutional Fitness Theory can be employed to examine determinant factors of FDI in ASEAN countries. Besides, the literatures were lacking to reveal this theory in ASEAN region in depth. Technically, this study sets a panel data consist of seven ASEAN countries and nine years, total observation was 63 observations. The findings reveal that exchange rate has a positive and significant impact on FDI. On the other hand, trade openness delivers negative and significant effect on FDI. Rule of law, control of corruption, political stability, government effectiveness, and regulatory quality have negative and significant effect on FDI. However, voice and accountability and illustrated insignificant effect on FDI. The findings described that GDP per capita and domestic credit provided by banking sectors have positive and significant impact on FDI. Population has negative and significant effect on FDI by banking sectors has positive and significant impact on FDI. However, education has insignificant impact on FDI. Furthermore, social progress index has a negative and significant impact on foreign direct investment. The implications of this study offer several suggestions for policymakers how to attract foreign direct investment inflows using the high quality of the institutions, not only highlighting economy approach policies but also non-economy approach, such as promoting the long-term advantages of healthy, well-educated, and stable society. In addition, future research can examine the determinant of FDI with another method such as threshold regression.
