Pengaruh pengukusan onggok dan suplementasi methionine hidroxy analog dalam ransum terhadap performan Domba lokal jantan

Oleh :
Muhammad Fadhli Anshari - H0505049 - Fak. Pertanian

ABSTRAK Kebutuhan protein hewani meningkat seiring bertambahnya penduduk. Domba merupakan salah satu ternak penghasil daging, yang masih dipelihara sederhana oleh masyarakat. Untuk mengurangi biaya pakan pada peternakan domba perlu pakan alternatif. Onggok merupakan limbah pertanian yang masih mempunyai kandungan protein dan karbohidrat dan masih terbatas dalam penggunaannya, sehingga perlu teknologi pengolahan pakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengukusan onggok dan suplementasi MHA dalam ransum terhadap performan domba lokal jantan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 12 minggu dimulai tanggal 11 Agustus - 2 November 2009 di mini farm Jurusan Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta berlokasi di Desa Jatikuwung, Kecamatan Gondangrejo, Kabupaten Karanganyar. Materi penelitian meliputi 12 ekor domba lokal jantan dengan bobot badan rata-rata 10,44 ± 0,875 kg berumur dua bulan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola searah dengan tiga perlakuan dan empat ulangan dengan setiap ulangan terdiri dari satu ekor domba lokal jantan. Ransum terdiri dari rumput raja, onggok dan MHA. Perlakuan yang diberikan meliputi P0 (rumput raja+ onggok tanpa dikukus), P1 (rumput raja+onggok kukus) dan P2 (rumput raja+onggok kukus+MHA). Peubah yang diamati selama penelitian meliputi konsumsi pakan, konsumsi protein, pertambahan bobot badan harian, konversi pakan, efisiensi protein ransum dan feed cost per gain. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa dari rata-rata ketiga perlakuan yaitu P0, P1 dan P2 untuk konsumsi pakan (BK) 1007,52; 1170,30; 1144,90 (g/ekor/hari). Konsumsi protein 144,57; 167,93; 158,91 (g/ekor/hari). Pertambahan bobot badan harian 50,51; 57,65 dan 54,59 (g/ekor/hari). Konversi pakan 20,47; 20,51 dan 21,18. Efisiensi protein ransum 0,351; 0,344; 0,344 sedangkan feed cost per gain Rp. 15,303.29; Rp. 15,425.19; Rp. 16,080.27. Analisis variansi menunjukkan hasil berbeda nyata terhadap konsumsi pakan dan konsumsi protein (P>0.05), dan berbeda tidak nyata terhadap efisiensi protein ransum dan konversi pakan, sedangkan analisis kovariansi menunjukkan hasil berbeda tidak nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot badan harian. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah pengukusan onggok serta suplementasi MHA dalam ransum tidak meningkatkan pertambahan bobot badan harian dan menurunkan konversi pakan, tetapi meningkatkan konsumsi pakan, konsumsi protein dan menunjukkan nilai efisiensi protein ransum yang rendah, serta memberikan angka feed cost per gain yang ekonomis pada perlakuan pengukusan tanpa suplementasi MHA ABSTRAK Animal protein needs increase with population growth. Sheep is one of the meat-producing livestock, which are still maintained simple by the community. To reduce the cost of feed on the sheep farm need to find of alternative feed. Cassava waste is agricultural waste that still has the contents of protein and carbohydrates and is still limited in their use, so it needs to feed processing technology. The purpose of this study to determine the influence of cassava waste steamed and supplementation MHA in the ration to performance of local male sheep. This research held for 12 weeks starting on 11th August – 2nd November 2009 in a mini-farm Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University located at the Jatikuwung village, Gondangrejo, Karanganyar District. Research materials include 12 male sheeps with an average weight 10.44 ± 0.875 kg. Experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one way classification consists of three treatments and four replications, which each replication using a local male sheep. The feed used was forage, cassava waste and MHA with forage and cassava waste ratio 60:40. Treatment will include P0 (king grass + without cassava waste steamed), P1 (king grass + cassava waste steamed) and P2 (king grass + cassava waste steamed +MHA). Observed variables included feed consumption (DM), protein consumption, average daily gain, feed conversion, protein efficiency ration and feed cost per gain. The results showed that the average of three treatments at P0, P1 and P2 for feed consumption (DM) was 1007,52; 1170,30; 1144,90 (g/head/day). Protein consumption was 144,57; 167,93; 158,91 (g/head/day). Average daily gain was 50,51; 57,65 and 54,59 (g/head/day). Feed conversion was 20,47; 20,51 and 21,18. Protein efficiency ration was 0,351; 0,344; 0,344 while the feed cost per gain was Rp. 15.303.29; Rp. 15,425.19 ; Rp. 16,080.27. Analysis of variance showed significantly different results for feed and protein consumption (P >0.05), and no significant different to the efficiency of protein ration and feed conversion, whereas covariance analysis showed no significant different results on the average daily gain (P< 0.05). Conclusions can be taken in this study was cassava waste steamed and supplementation MHA in the ration did not increase average daily gain and decrease of feed conversion, but increased feed consumption, protein consumption and demonstrate low of efficiency protein ration, as well as providing a feed cost per gain rate economical in steaming treatment without supplementation of MHA. Keywords: local male sheep, cassava waste, steaming, MHA, performance.