Analisis eksistensi kejaksaan sebagai lembaga pemerintah dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Republik Indonesia

Baskoro, Adi

Abstrak This research will examine and try to answer the issues related to the duties and roles of the Public Prosecution Services of the Republic of Indonesia according to the Law No. 16 Year 2004 regarding the Public Prosecution Services of the Republic of Indonesia as well as issues related to the inautonomous and the unindependency of the Public Prosecution Services Institution of the Republic of Indonesia. This legal research is conducted in the form of normative or doctrinal legal research which is prescriptive in nature by using statutory approach. The type of data used for the research is secondary data. The source of data comes from variour primary and secondary legal and non-legal resrouces. Data will be collected by using biblical studies methodology. Data analysis method uses deductive syllogism using grammatical interpretation methods. The roles of Public Prosecution Services in enforcing the law especially in relation to the handling of various matters or cases are mostly viewed not as the implementor for the state but also viewed mostly as the elongated outreach of the leaders of the state to take legal actions against the public or society. The sharp response from the public is not wholly to blame especially because the position of the Public Prosecution Service is stated by the Law as the government institution that carries out prosecution activities. As long as the position of the Public Prosecution Service is not as the executor of the state’s power in the field of law enforcement, then sharp responses as well as wrongful accusations towards the handling of a certain case will always be judged as political in nature. This will also lead to interventions from other parties towards prosecution policies. The existence of the Public Prosecution Services in Indonesia has experienced many changes since the period before the independence of the country until the period after Indonesia has gained independence. By analyzing the existency of the Public Prosecution Services within the constitutional system, based on the Law number 16 Year 2004, thus the author obtained the duties and the rights of the Public Prosecution Services as the government institution in the criminal, civil, law enforcement, and so on so forth. ABSTRACT Penelitian ini mengkaji dan menjawab permasalahan tugas dan fungsi Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia menurut Undang Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2004 tentang Kejaksaan RI serta Permasalahan mengenai ketidakmandirian dan ketidak independensian istitusi Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia. Penelitian hukum ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif atau doktrinal yang bersifat preskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Jenis data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder. Sumber data dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan bahan non-hukum. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan silogisme deduktif dengan metode interpretasi gramatikal. Fungsi Kejaksaan dalam penegakkan hukum berkaitan dengan penanganan perkara lebih dipandang bukan sebagai pelaksana kekuasaan negara, tetapi sebagai alat perpanjangan tangan penguasa untuk menindak rakyat atau masyarakat. Sorotan tajam masyarakat tersebut tidak sepenuhnya dapat disalahkan mengingat kedudukan Kejaksaan oleh undang-undang dinyatakan sebagai Lembaga Pemerintah yang melaksanakan penuntutan. Sepanjang kedudukan Kejaksaan bukan sebagai pelaksana kekuasaan negara di bidang penegakkan hukum, maka sorotan tajam dan tudingan miring terhadap penanganan suatu perkara selamanya akan tetap dinilai bernuansa politis sehingga akan memungkinkan pula munculnya intervensi dari pihak-pihak lain terhadap kebijakan penuntutan. Keberadaan Kejaksaan di Indonesia mengalami berbagai perubahan baik sejak sebelum kemerdekaan Negara Indonesia sampai dengan setelah kemerdekaan. Dengan menganalisis eksistensi Kejaksaan dalam sistem ketatanegaraa, berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 16 tahun 2004, maka diketahui tugas dan wewenang Kejaksaan sebagai Lembaga Pemerintah baik di bidang pidana, perdata, ketertiban hukum, dan lain sebagainya.