Pengaruh latihan interval anaerob dan power otot tungkai terhadap kecepatan renang gaya dada 50 meter (Studi eksperimen latihan interval anaerob dengan rasio waktu kerja-istirahat 1:2 dan 1:3 pada siswa putra Kelas IX ekstrakurikuler renang SMP Neger

Oleh :
I Wayan Muliarta - A120908017 - Sekolah Pascasarjana

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) perbedaan pengaruh latihan interval anaerob dengan rasio kerja-istirahat 1:2 dan 1:3 terhadap kecepatan renang gaya dada 50 meter, (2) perbedaan hasil kecepatan renang gaya dada 50 meter antara perenang yang memiliki power otot tungkai tinggi dan rendah, (3) pengaruh interaksi antara latihan interval anaerob dan power otot tungkai terhadap kecepatan renang 50 meter. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan faktorial 2x2. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kolam renang Mumbul Singaraja Bali. Besarnya sampel penelitian 40 siswa yang berasal dari jumlah populasi sebesar 60 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan purposive random sampling. Variabel penelitian terdiri dari variabel independent yakni : variabel manipulatif : latihan interval anaerob rasio kerjs-istitrahat 1 : 2 dan 1 : 3, variabel atributif yakni : power otot tungkai tinggi dan renadah serta variabel dependent yakni : kecepatan renang gaya dada 50 meter. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan Tes dan Pengukuran, data kecepatan renang gaya dada 50 meter di tes dengan renag cepat gaya dada 50 meter dimana reliabelitas tesnya dicari dengan teknik analisis varians (ANAVA) dan data power otot tungkai di tes dengan standing broad jump. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisi varians (ANAVA) dengan taraf signifikansi α = 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara latihan interval anaerob dengan rasio kerja-istirahat 1 : 2 dan rasio 1 : 3 terhadap peningkatkan kecepatan renang gaya dada 50 meter. Pengaruh latihan interval anaerob rasio 1 : 3 lebih baik dari pada latihan interval anaerob rasio 1 : 2 untuk kecepatan renang gaya dada 50 meter. (2) ada perbedaan hasil kecepatan renang gaya dada 50 meter yang signifikan antara power otot tungkai tinggi dengan power otot tungkai rendah. Peningkatan hasil kecepatan renang gaya dada 50 meter pada siswa yang memiliki power otot tungkai tinggi lebih baik dari pada yang memiliki power otot tungkai rendah. ( 3) ada pengaruh interaksi yang signifikan antara perbedaan rasio kerja : istirahat pada latihan interval anaerob dan power otot tungkai terhadap hasil kecepatan renang gaya dada 50 meter: a) siswa dengan power otot tungkai tinggi memiliki peningkatan yang lebih baik jika mendapat latihan interval anaerob dengan rasio 1 : 3, b) siswa dengan power otot tungkai rendah memiliki peningkatan yang lebih baik jika mendapat latihan interval anaerob dengan rasio 1 : 2. Kata-kata kunci : Latihan Interval Anaerob, Power Otot Tungkai, dan Kecepatan Renang Gaya Dada 50 Meter. ABSTRACT This research aims to find out: (1) the effect difference of anaerobic interval training with work-rest ratio of 1:2 and 1:3 on the 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed, (2) the difference result of 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed achievement between the swimmer with high limb muscle power and the one with low limb muscle power, (3) the interaction effect between the anaerobic interval training and limb muscle power on the 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed. This research was conducted using experimental method with a 2x2 factorial design. The research was taken place in Mumbul Singaraja Bali swimming pool. The size of research sample was 40 students deriving from the population number of 60 students. The sampling technique employed was purposive random sampling. The research variable consists of independent variable: manipulative variable: anaerobic interval training with work-rest interval of 1:2 and 1:3, attributive variable: high and low limb muscle powers, and dependent variable: the speed of 50-meter breaststroke swimming. Technique of collecting data used were test and measurement, data on 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed was tested by sprint swimming 50 meters with breaststroke in which the test reliability was found using variance analysis (ANAVA) technique and data on limb muscle power was tested using standing broad jump. Technique of analyzing data employed was variance analysis (ANAVA) at significance level  = 0.05. Based on the result of research it can be concluded that: (1) there is a significant effect difference of anaerobic interval training with the work-rest ratio of 1:2 and the one with work-rest ratio of 1:3 in improving the result of 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed. The effect of anaerobic interval training with the work-rest ratio of 1:3 is better than that of anaerobic interval training with the work-rest ratio of 1:2 for the 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed. (2) there is a significant effect difference between the high limb muscle power and the low limb muscle power on the result of 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed. The increase of result of 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed in the students with high limb muscle power is better than in the ones with low limb muscle power. (3) there is a significant interaction between the difference of work-rest ratios on the anaerobic interval training and limb muscle power on the result of 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed: a) the students with high limb muscle power has the better increase if they get anaerobic interval training with the work-rest ratio of 1:3, b) the students with low limb muscle power has the better increase if they get anaerobic interval training with the work-rest ratio of 1:2 Keywords: Anaerobic Interval Training, Limb Muscle Powers, and 50-meter Breaststroke Swimming Speed.