Pengaruh daya antibakteri ekstrak daun sirih (piper betle l.) Terhadap streptococcus mutans

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ABSTRAK Ekstrak daun sirih mengandung 4,2% minyak atsiri yang terdiri dari senyawa fenol dan turunannya, terutama kavikol yang diduga memiliki daya antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh daya antibakteri ekstrak daun sirih terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian ini eksperimental laboratorik dengan metode post test only with control group design. Teknik sampling adalah Non Random Incidental Sampling. Subjek penelitian adalah Streptococcus mutans dari usap rongga mulut dan gigi pasien dengan karies gigi. Uji sensitivitas menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan media Muller-Hinton. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji One Way Anova dilanjutkan Post Hoc Test dan juga menggunakan T-test untuk membandingkan data sampel dengan kuman standar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan daya hambat yang bermakna (p < 0,05) antara kontrol negatif, ekstrak daun sirih 0,2%, 0,4%, 1%, 5%, dan kontrol positif. Ekstrak daun sirih 0,2% telah memiliki daya hambat terhadap Streptococcus mutans dan peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak sebanding dengan peningkatan zona hambatan kuman. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan daya hambat yang bermakna (p > 0,05) antara sampel penelitian dengan kuman Streptococcus mutans standar. Simpulan penelitian ini ada perbedaan daya hambat ekstrak daun sirih pada konsentrasi 0,2%, 0,4%, 1%, 5% terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans. Kata Kunci : Ekstrak daun sirih (Piper betle L.) – Antibakteri – Streptococcus mutans Betel leaf extract contains 4.2% essential oil which are considered can inhibit bacteria growth, such as phenol and their derivatives, especially chavicol. The aim of this study is to determine the existence of the antibacterial effect of betel leaf extract towards the growth of Streptococcus mutans. This experimental research uses a laboratory setting with the post test only with control group design. Technical sampling uses non random incidental sampling. The subject of the research is Streptococcus mutans that were obtained by swabing the oral cavities and teeth of patients suffering from dental caries. Sensitivity test using disc diffusion method with Mueller-Hinton media. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova test followed by post hoc tests and also using T-test to compare sample data with a standardized Streptococcus mutans. The research result showed a significant differences of inhibiting potention ( p < 0,05 ) among the negative control, the betel leaf extract 0,2%, 0,4%, 1%, 5%, and the positive control. The increasing of concentration of the betel leaf extract is followed by the increasing of bacterial inhibiting potention. It also showed that there is no differences of inhibiting power ( p > 0,05 ) between the standardized Streptococcus mutans and the research bacteria. Based on the study, there were difference inhibiting power on betel leaf extract with concentration 0,2%, 0,4% , 1% , 5% in Streptococcus mutans growth. Keywords : Betel extract (Piper betle L.) – Antibacterial – Streptococcus mutans