Potensi Batu Apung Untuk Bahan Komponen Struktur Rumah Instant Sederhana Sehat Sebagai Alternatif Rehabilitasi Daerah Pasca Gempa

Oleh :
Rachmat Pramudji - S940908109 - Sekolah Pascasarjana

ABSTRAK Desain campuran beton dengan agregat batu apung dibuat sedemikian rupa sehingga memenuhi nilai kuat tekan yang diperlukan struktur untuk menahan beban gravitasi dan beban gempa. Perilaku struktur bangunan RISHA diteliti dengan uji pembebanan lentur terhadap tiga benda uji balok dan uji pembebanan siklik statik satu buah portal. Benda uji balok dan portal dibuat dari rangkaian panel dengan standar dimensi dan tulangan RISHA. Perilaku yang diteliti dari pengujian beban siklik statik pada portal adalah tingkat kestabilan struktur berdasarkan kriteria National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) 1997, nilai beban leleh, nilai beban batas, nilai daktilitas, kuat lebih beban dan bahan, nilai faktor reduksi beban gempa, disipasi energi, dan pola retak. Dari pengujian di hasilkan kuat tekan beton (f’c) 19,74 MPa. Pengujian lentur pada balok di hasilkan Pijin rata-rata = 1335,38 kgf, Pmax rata-rata = 3007 kgf. Pengujian beban siklik statik pada portal, diperoleh Beban lateral gempa maksimum untuk dorong Vmaks (+) = 13.20 kN pada deformasi δm = 100.98 mm, dan untuk tarik Vmaks (-) = 11.90 kN dengan deformasi δm (-) = 76.19 mm. Daktilitas ( μ ) model uji untuk kondisi dorong adalah 3.42 dan kondisi tarik ( μ ) = 3.54. Kata kuci: beban leleh, daktilitas, faktor reduksi beban gempa, disipasi energi, pola retak, simpangan tingkat. ABSTRACT The structure of healthy instant house (Rumah Instan Sederhana Sehat, RISHA) made with pumice aggregate is lighter than reinforced concrete structure whose 2400 kg/m3 in density. The concept of RISHA meet with the standard that stated in Kepmen Kimpraswil No. 403/2002. Therefore RISHA is appropriate to be applied in nature disaster mitigation program. The concrete mix design containing pumice is made in such portion so that meets the compressive strength requirement for structure that resists gravitation and earthquake load. The structure behavior of RISHA is studied by bending test on three samples of beam and cyclic loading on a portal structure. Beam and portal structure made from the panel element based on RISHA dimension and reinforcement standard. The studied behavior regarding the static cyclic loading test on the portals structure is the stability of the structure based on the criteria of National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) 1997, yield load, limit load, ductility, aded load strength and material, reduction factor of earthquake load, energy dissipation and crack pattern. From the test, it was found that the concrete’s compressive strength (f’c) was 19.74 MPa. Bending test resulted allawable load Pallowable¬ was 1335.38 kgf. Maximum load Pmax was 3007 kgf. athe static cyclic load test on portal obtained the maximum earthquake lateral load for Vmax (+) was 13.20 kN at 100.98 mm of deformation (m), and Vmax pull (-) was 11.90 kN at 76.19 mm of deformation (m). The ductility () of test model was 3.42 and 3.54 for push and pull condition respectively. Keyword: Yield load, ductility, earthquake load reduction factor, energy dissipation, crack pattern, story drift.