Pengaruh pemberian jus tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) terhadap kadar kolesterol LDL tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus)

Oleh :
Muh.Umar Al Mokhtar - G0005136 - Fak. Kedokteran

ABSTRAK : The Prevalence of Coronary Hearth Disease (CHD) over the world is very high. Atherosclerosis due to hypercholesterolemia is a predisposing factor of CHD.. The role of high dietary of tomato juice are associated with a lowered LDL-cholesterol. Lycopene and narigenin of tomato juice will decrease LDL cholesterol by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase and upregulating LDL cholesterol reseptor in liver. The study aimed to know the effect of tomato juice on LDL cholesterol in Rattus norvegicus. The study was experimental laboratory with pre- and post test controlled group design. Thirty four adult male Wistar rats, 3 months in age, weighing 180-200 grams were used in the study. They were divided into two groups, treatment 1 group (K I) as control and treatment 2 group (K II) as tomato juice group, with 17 rats each group. They were allowed standar diet for 7 days. During pretest period for 2 weeks, K I and K II were given hypercholesterolemic fed 100 gr/BW ad libitum (mixed diet which consists of standart diet 88,5 %, coconut oil 1%, lard oil 10 % and 0,5 % crystalline cholesterol), egg yolk force-fed by gastric tube 7,5 mL/BW and PTU 0,1 % ad libitum. During post test period for 2 weeks, K I were given the same intervention with pretest period and aquadest force-fed 30 mL/BW as placebo by gastric tube whereas K II were given the same intervention with K I and tomato juice force-fed 30 mL/BW by gastric tube. Measuring level of LDL cholesterol by using spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Windows 13. Student’s t-paired was used for variable that were normally distributed. Wilcoxon test was used for variable that were skewed. Both statistical analysis were used to determine significant differences, values of p<0,05 were considered statistically significant. effect of tomato juice 30 mL/BW on LDL cholesterol for 2 weeks in Rattus norvegicus. The result of t-paired test performed a significant difference (p<0,05) of LDL cholesterol level before and after treatment on K II. Based on the study, there was an effect of tomato juice 30 mL/BW on LDL cholesterol for 2 weeks in Rattus norvegicus. Keywords : Tomato Juice, LDL cholesterol, Rattus norvegicus ABSTRACT : Prevalensi Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) di dunia sangat tinggi. Aterosklerosis berhubungan dengan keadaan hiperkolesterolemia merupakan faktor predisposisi PJK. Hal tersebut dibuktikan oleh berbagai penelitian, bahwa ada hubungan erat antara kadar kolesterol LDL dengan perkembangan PJK. Likopen dan narigenin di dalam jus tomat menurunkan kolesterol LDL dengan menghambat enzim HMG KoA reduktase dan meningkatkan aktivitas reseptor kolesterol LDL di hepar. Penelitian bersifat eksperimen laboratorium dengan pre- dan post test controlled group design. Subjek penelitian berupa 34 ekor tikus putih jantan, dewasa, Strain Wistar, berumur 3 bulan dengan berat badan 180-200 gram. Subjek penelitian dibagi ke dalam 2 kelompok. Kelompok I (K I) sebagai kontrol dan kelompok II (KII) sebagai kelompok perlakuan. Selama 2 minggu pretes, K I dan K II diberikan pakan hiperkolesterolemik sebanyak 100 gr/KgBB ad libitum (campuran pakan terdiri dari pakan standar 88,5 %, minyak kelapa 1 %, minyak babi 10% dan kristal kolesterol 0,5 %), kuning telur itik per sonde 7,5 mL/KgBB dan larutan PTU 0,1 % ad libitum. Selama 2 minggu post test, K I diberikan perlakuan yang sama dengan pretes dan diberikan plasebo akuades 30 mL/KgBB per sonde sedangkan K II diberikan perlakuan yang sama dengan pretes dan diberikan jus tomat 30 mL/KgBB per sonde. Analisis statistik data kolesterol LDL pretes dan posttest menggunakan SPSS Windows 13. Uji t berpasangan digunakan sebagai uji statistik apabila data penelitian berdistribusi normal dan untuk mengambil kesimpulan berdasarkan nilai signifikasi p<0,05. Hasil uji t berpasangan menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) kadar kolesterol LDL tikus putih sebelum dan setelah perlakuan pada kelompok perlakuan. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pemberian jus tomat 30 mL/KgBB menurunkan kadar kolesterol LDL selama 2 minggu. Kata kunci : Jus Tomat, Kolesterol LDL, Rattus norvegicus