Address forms in the film entitled crash (a sociolinguistics approach

Oleh :
Hesti Tri Wulandari - C0305034 - Fak. Sastra dan Seni Rupa

ABSTRACT The research was conducted to describe the kinds of addresses used by the characters in the film entitled Crash, to describe how the characters in the film used the addresses and to find out the reason of the use of addresses by the characters in the film entitled Crash. This research used sociolinguistics approach. The research also employed some supporting theories related to the matter discussed namely, Sociolinguistics, Ethnography of Communication, Style of Speech, Social Dimension of Communication, and Address Forms. This research is a descriptive qualitative method. The source of data is the film entitled Crash. The data are the dialogs containing address forms employed by the characters in the film. The researcher used total sampling technique in taking the data. The results of this research are as follows: First, there are eight types of addresses used by the characters in the film entitled Crash, namely title (T), title plus last name (TLN), title plus first name (T+FN), last name (LN), first name (FN), multiple name (MN), you plus multiple name (You+MN), and name (N). Second, the use of addresses employed by the characters in the film Crash is related to the tone of voice, the facial expression and manner. ‘Title’ address form is used in usual tone of voice (when it is used to show formality); low and polite tone of voice, polite and respectful manner (when it is used to show respect). ‘Title plus last name’ is used in usual tone of voice (when it is used to show formality); usual tone but showing a humiliating manner toward the addressee (when it is used to show power). ‘Title plus first name’ address is used in low tone of voice politely and respectfully. ‘Last name’ address form is used in high tone of voice with worry expression on the face. ‘First name’ address form is used in high tone of voice with serious expression (when it is used to show power); usual tone of voice clearly (when it is used to show solidarity); low and relaxed tone of voice and relax manner (when it is used to show intimacy); low tone of voice painstakingly and sarcastic/ mocking tone of voice with cynical smile ( when it is used to express feeling); low tone of voice temptingly (when it is used to persuade the addressee). ‘Multiple name’ address form is used in usual tone of voice but showing serious expression and manner (when it is used to show power); usual tone of voice (when it is used to show solidarity); usual and low tone of voice painstakingly (when it is used to show intimacy); high and resentful tone of voice with angry expression, low tone of voice, facial expression of worry, facial expression of sadness (when it is used to express feeling). ‘You plus multiple name’ is used in low tone of voice affectionately (when it is used to show intimacy); high tone of voice with angry/annoyance expression on the face (when it is used to show feeling). ‘Name’ address form is used in low tone of voice showing a facial expression of happiness. Third, there are six reasons that influence the use of address forms in the film. They are power, respect, formality, solidarity, intimacy, feeling expression. Each kind of address form has its own reason of the use of the address. ‘Title’ address form in the film is used to show formality and respect. ‘Title plus last name’ is used to show formality and power. ‘Title plus first name’ address forms is used to show respect. ‘Last name’ address form is used to show solidarity. ‘First name’ address form is used to show power, intimacy, solidarity, feeling expression, and persuasion. ‘Multiple name’ address form is used to show power, solidarity, intimacy, and feeling expression. ‘You plus multiple name’ address form is used to show intimacy and feeling expression. ‘Name’ address form is used to show intimacy.