Pembuatan zat warna alami tekstil dari getah berbagai jenis dan bagian dari pohon pisang

Oleh :
Sri Budiastuti - I8306030 - Fak. Teknik

ABSTRACT Heavy metals of synthetic color can cause contamination for environment. The worse effects of using this synthetic color cause the natural dye back to use again. Raw materials of natural dye come from the plants, one of them is sap from banana trees that produce brown color. The making of textile natural dye from banana trees were done by soxhlet. The parts were taken to make this natural dye were petioles, fruit stalks, and trunks. The making of this natural dye used various kinds of banana trees, these were raja, kepok, and ambon. The extraction was done in soxhlet by water as solvent. After that the extract was evaporated by distillation. Then, the extract was dried in the oven. The result of experiments showed that kepok fruit stalk produce the most of natural dye content, it was 2.45%, and the least content was ambon from petiole, it was 1.51%. Then the natural dye was tested to find this quality by Gray Scale and Staining Scale analysis. The process was done to the clothes through the coloration process with natural dye. Before doing this coloration process to these clothes, we did the mordant process with alum (Al2(SO4)3) and soda ash (Na2CO3) to removed the remaining oil, grease, starch, and impurity in the weaving process. After coloration process, we did the lasing process to increase the discoloring tenacity with lime (CaCO3). After lasing process, clothes were washed in laundrymeter. Test results indicated that textiles natural dye from banana trees quite resistant to laundering because of a slight discolored. The results of Gray Scale analysis showed that the petiole and the trunk of raja, the fruit stalk and the trunk of kepok, and the fruit stalk of ambon had good of discolored evaluation. The Staining Scale analysis showed that only the fruit stalk of raja and the petiole kapok, indicated good enough results, and the discolored evaluation of the others kinds and parts from banana trees were good.