Budidaya Caisim (Brassica Juncea L.)  Menggunakan Ekstrak Teh Dan Pupuk Kascing

Fahrudin, Fuat

Abstrak Caisim (Brassica juncea L.) merupakan sayuran yang digemari masyarakat dengan permintaan yang semakin lama semakin meningkat. Nilai ekonomi caisim cukup tinggi. Ekstrak teh adalah bahan organik yang mengandung unsur hara, namun belum banyak diteliti, sedangkan kascing merupakan pupuk dari kotoran cacing. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak teh dan pupuk kascing serta interaksi keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman caisim. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari – Maret 2009 di Screen House Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta dengan ketinggian tempat 96 mdpl. Perlakuan penelitian terdiri atas 2 faktor yaitu ekstrak teh dan pupuk kascing. Perlakuan ekstrak teh dengan konsentrasi 0, 10, 20 dan 30 g/L, sedangkan pupuk kascing dengan dosis 0, 4, 8 dan 12 ton/ha (setara dengan 0, 10, 20 dan 30 g/tanaman). Jumlah kombinasi perlakuan ada 16 dan setiap kombinasi diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Setiap ulangan ada 2 unit tanaman, sehingga jumlah total tanaman sebanyak 96. Penelitian disusun secara faktorial menggunakan Rangcangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Variabel penelitian meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat segar dan biomassa tajuk, berat segar dan biomassa akar, volume akar, kandungan klorofil, luas daun dan rasio akar tajuk. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji F tingkat kepercayaan 95%, bila berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan DMRT taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan ekstrak teh tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua variabel penelitian kecuali rasio akar tajuk. Pupuk kascing memberikan pengaruh nyata meningkatkan jumlah daun dan berat segar akar, berpengaruh sangat nyata pada berat segar tajuk dan rasio akar tajuk. Interaksi terjadi hanya pada nilai rasio akar tajuk. Abstract Caisim (Brassica juncea L.) is a favourite vegetable of society and it’s demand increase by the time. Economically, caisim has a great value. Tea extract is an organic matter contains nutrient element and there has not been made experiment, and vermicompost is a manure made from worm shit. The aim of the research is to know the effect of tea extract and vermicompost manure and both interaction on the growth and yield of caisim. The research was conducted on February to March in Screen House of Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret University at 96 meter above sea level. The treatment consists of 2 factors, tea extract and vermicompost manure. Concentration tea extract were 0, 10, 20 and 30 g/L, while vermicompost manure were 0, 4, 8, and 12 ton/acre (equal with 0, 10, 20 and 30 g/plant). There were 16 treatments and each treatment was repeated 3 times. There were 2 plants unit each combination resulting 96 total plant. The research was arranged on factorial design based on Complete Randomize Design. Research variable were plant height, leaf number, fresh and shoot biomass weight, fresh and biomass root weight, root volume, chlorofil content, leaf area and root shoot ratio. Data analized using F test in level of confidence 95%, if there were significantly different continued with DMRT level 5%. Result of research shows that tea extract treatment do not significantly effect all research variable except root shoot ratio. Vermicompost manure significantly effect on the increasing number of leaf and fresh weight of root, significantly effect on fresh weight of shoot and root shoot ratio. Interaction occurs only on root shoot ratio.