The Effectiveness of Reciprocal Teaching to Teach Reading Viewed From the Students’ Intelligence (An Experimental Study at the Second Grade Students of SMP Negeri 6 Sragen in the Academic Year of 2011/2012)

Oleh :
Dian Permata Sari - S891008017 - Sekolah Pascasarjana

The objectives of the research are: (1) to prove whether Reciprocal Teaching is more effective than Direct Method to teach reading to the second grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Sragen in the academic year of 2011/2012; (2) to prove whether the students who have high intelligence have better reading skill than the students who have low intelligence to the second grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Sragen in the academic year of 2011/2012; (3) to prove whether there is an interaction between teaching methods and intelligence to teach reading to the second grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Sragen in the academic year of 2011/2012. This is an experimental research which was conducted at the second grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Sragen in the academic year of 2011/2012. The total number of population is 256 students coming from eight classes. The sampling of the research is cluster random sampling. The sample used in this research is class VIII F as the experimental group and VIII G as the control group which each consists of 32 students. The techniques of collecting data in this research are tests (reading test and intelligence test). Before reading test is used, a tryout is done to know the validity and reliability. The techniques of analyzing the data are descriptive statistics for looking mean, mode, median, and standard deviation. The researcher uses normality test adopting Liliefors and homogeneity test adopting chi-square (X) test. The data are analyzed using ANOVA 2x2 and TUKEY. ANOVA and TUKEY are to know the significance of the difference between the mean scores of two cells. The findings of this research show: (1) Reciprocal Teaching is more effective than Direct Method to teach reading. The result from ANOVA shows that Fₒ is higher than Fᵼ or Fₒ (4.24) > Ft(0.05) (4.00). The mean score of reading, the students who are taught by using Reciprocal Teaching is 70.22 while the students who are taught by using Direct Method is 66.13; (2) The students who have high intelligence have better reading skill than the students who have low intelligence. The result from ANOVA shows that Fₒ is higher than Fᵼ or Fₒ (11.00) > Ft(0.05) (4.00). The mean score of students’ reading scores, the students who have high intelligence is 71.47 while the students who have low intelligence is 64.88; and (3). There is an interaction between teaching methods and students’ intelligence. The analysis gained from the ANOVA shows that Fₒ is higher than Fᵼ or Fₒ (91.04) > Ft(0.05) (4.00). Based on the findings, it can be summarized that: (1) Reciprocal Teaching is more effective than Direct Method to teach reading; (2) The students who have high intelligence have better reading skill than the students who have low intelligence; and (3) There is an interaction between teaching methods and students’ reading test. The findings of this research imply that teaching methods have a strong influence on students’ reading skill. Referring to the finding above, it can be concluded that Reciprocal Teaching is an effective method for the second grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Sragen. Therefore, it is suggested that: (1) it is better for English teachers apply appropriate methods by considering students’ characteristics especially based on their intelligence; (2) the students must be active, and they have to take part in every activity in the class; (3)This research can be used as a starting point and also as a reference for the future researches. Key Word: RECIPROCAL TEACHING, Direct method, Intelligence.