Prarancangan pabrik asam sianida dari formamida dengan proses dehidrasi kapasitas 9.000 ton/tahun

Oleh :
Sari Rahmawati - I1506005 - Fak. Teknik

Preliminary cyanide plant is intended to meet the needs in the country are imported. Cyanide used in the industrial manufacture of adiponitrile, cyanohidrin acetone, sodium cyanide, cyanuric chloride, chelating agent and methionine . This plant was designed with a capacity of 9,000 tons capacity / year with formamide raw materials . The factory is planned to stand in the industrial area Cikampek, West Java in 2017. Raw materials imported from formamide Shijiazhuang Sincere Chemicals Co., Ltd. with a production capacity of 100,000 tonnes / year , while the needs of formamide needed ranged 19,386.190 tons / year . Stages in the process of cyanide plant includes storage of raw materials, raw material preparation, reaction product formation and purification products. Phase formamide storage of raw materials stored in the liquid phase. The preparation stage of raw materials in the form of evaporation and heating of raw materials formamide. Stage of the reaction is the formation of hydrogen cyanide formamide dehydration reactions take place in the reactor fixedbed multitube. The reaction takes place at a temperature of 400 ° C and a pressure of 200 mmHg ( 0.26 atm) in the gas phase with a catalyst MnO. Reaction occurs in the reactor formamide and water into hydrogen cyanide and formamide as the main reaction to ammonia and carbon monoxide as a side reaction. Yield to the main reaction is 89.3 %. Stages of purification products include gas impurity separation is done in a partial condenser towers and purification in the distillation tower to obtain products 99.5 wt% hydrogen cyanide. Support units include units procurement process plant water, steam, compressed air, electricity, fuel, refigerasi units and wastewater treatment units. Water demand of 18 611 kg / h is supplied from groundwater. The amount of steam used was 353.277 kg / hour with saturated steam at a temperature of type 177 ° C. Required compressed air at a temperature of 100 m3/hr 184.27 º C and a pressure of 4 atm. Electricity is supplied from electricity and a generator as a backup. Fuel used is Industrial Diesel Oil (IDO) is supplied from Pertamina. The factory also supported laboratory quality control of raw materials and products and factory waste material in the form of liquids and gases. Shape of the selected company is a Limited Liability Company (PT), with line and staff organizational structure. The system is based on the division of employee working hours which consists of employees shift and non - shift. Total number of employees is 164 people. Shift employees amounted to 96 people, while the non - shift employees numbered 68 people. Meanwhile, according to employee status can be divided into full-time employees, employees daily and employees bulk. The results of the economic analysis obtained Rate of Return (ROI) of 47.09 % and 32.96 % before tax after tax. Pay Out Time (POT) gained by 1.82 years and 2.44 years before tax after tax. Break Even Point (BEP) of 42.31 %, Shut Down Point (SDP) of 28.83 % and a Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) of 23.77 %. From the results of the economic analysis concluded cyanide plant feasible set.