Effect Of Selenium And Iodine Supplement On Blood Profile. Nutrtional Status, IQ-Score Of School Children With Some Attributes Of Cretinism

Oleh :
Diffah Hanim - - Fak. Kedokteran

Iodine Deficiency Disorder (100) is a public health problem especially for school-aged children living in endemic area. This condition might be worsen if the children have moderate or severe stunted and undernutrition with IDD. This interaction was observed in this study. This study was aimed to investigate level of some biochemical parameters, nutritional status and IQ score in school-aged children with iodine deficiency in endemic area of Boyolali Regency, Central Java. The before and after quasi experimental study design was implemented. The samples of study were school-aged children (9-12 years) suffering from iodine deficiency and PEM problem and attributed 6-10 sign of cretinism. A total number of 115 children were selected as study samples. Sampling was conducted purposively. Selenium (Se) and iodine (I) of plasma, Haemoglobin (Hb) levels, Haematocrite (Ht) levels, and score of index Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), nutritional status, and IQ score activity were determined. The group of treatments were Se supplement (n=34), 1 supplement (n=35), Se+I supplement (n=18) and plasebo (n=28). The study showed that the prevalence of stunted (22%) and underweighat (56%) were observed in Se, 1 or Se+1 supplements samples based o n height for age (p=0.04, r=0.59) as well as those based o n weight for age (p=0.0 I, r=0.87). Type of anemia microcytic 18.05% and macrocytic 7% are corrected by selenium, iodine or selenium and iodine supplement based o n score of MCV (p=0.017, r=0.758), MCH (p=0.042. r=0.326), MCHC (p=0.002, r=0.915). Score IQ by Raven's method showed that all of children suffering very severe deficiency of selenium and iodine (14.8%) with score IQ under 25 could be increased by selenium supplement. Iodine supplementation increased of the children from IQ under 25 become 25-40. The study observed of number of specific sign of cretinism lower by o ne point after two months Se and 1 supplement from 6-11 signs to 5-10 signs (p<0.001). The more severe of stunted and undernutrition of served, the more attributes of cretinism, while would appeared the more severe of deficiency of Se and 1 o n plasma, the more abnormality of type erythrocyte were found.