ABSTRAK
Pendidikan berusaha membantu hakikat manusia untuk meraih kedewasaannya, yakni menjadi manusia yang memiliki integritas emosi, intelek, dan perbuatan. Pendidikan dapat dilakukan melalui proses pembelajaran. Untuk mengetahui bahwa proses pembelajaran dapat berlangsung dan sejauh mana peserta didik berhasil menguasai materi pembelajaran maka tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran Inquiry Through Laboratory Work dalam mempengaruhi proses Pembelajaran Biologi pada Praktikum Sistematika Tumbuhan Phanerogamae (STP) dengan memunculkan komponen Organizational skills dan Communicative skills ditinjau dari Berpikir Kritis dan Kemampuan Verbal terhadap prestasi belajar.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan mengambil dua kelompok secara acak dengan desain faktorialnya 2 x 2 x 2. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah peserta didik semester 6 Prodi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP UMS. Pembelajaran dalam Penelitian ini menggunakan Inquiry Through Laboratory Work dengan dua kelompok eksperimen yaitu kelas Organizational skills dan Communicative skills. Pengambilan data Berpikir Kritis menggunakan Angket. Pengambilan data Kemampuan Verbal, nilai ujian tulis, dan nilai ujian praktik menggunakan test. Pengambilan data presentasi menggunakan lembar nilai presentasi (untuk satu kelompok). Pengambilan data nilai laporan berupa penilaian buku laporan praktikum peserta didik. Uji normalitas menggunaakan Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Uji homogenitas menggunakan Uji Levene’s. Uji Hipotesis menggunakan Analisis Variansi tiga jalan dengan General Linear Model.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1)tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar; 2)tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara berpikir kritis terhadap prestasi belajar; 3)tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara kemampuan verbal terhadap prestasi belajar; 4)tidak ada interaksi antara metode dengan berpikir kritis terhadap prestasi belajar, karena nilai hasil belajar relatif sama; 5)tidak ada interaksi antara metode dengan kemampuan verbal terhadap prestasi belajar, karena nilai hasil belajar relatif sama; 6)tidak ada interaksi antara berpikir kritis dengan kemampuan verbal terhadap prestasi belajar, karena nilai hasil belajar relatif sama; 7)tidak ada interaksi antara metode dengan berpikir kritis dan kemampuan verbal terhadap prestasi belajar, karena nilai hasil belajar relatif sama. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pembelajaran menggunakan Inquiry Through Laboratory Work dengan memunculkan komponen yang ada pada Communicative Skills dan Organizational Skills tampak kurang efektif. Hal tersebut dikarenakan sulitnya pengontrolan dari setiap proses kegiatan Praktikum STP, sehingga mempengaruhi pelaksanaan pembelajaran.
Kata kunci: Inquiry Through Laboratory Work, Organizational skills, Communicative skills, Berpikir Kritis, dan Kemampuan Verbal.
ABSTRACT
Education attempted to help the essence of human being to reach his/her maturity, being a human being with emotional, intellectuality, and deed integrities. Education can be organized through learning process. To find out how the learning process occurs and to what extent the students master the learning material successfully, this research was aiming at find out the role of Inquiry Through Laboratory Work in affecting the Biology learning process in Phanerogamae Growth Systematic (STP) Laboratory Work course with to appear component of Organizational skills and Communicative skills viewed from critical thinking and verbal abilities on learning achievement.
This study employed an experimental method by taking two groups randomly with it’s a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design. The population of research was the 6th semester students of Biological Education Study Program of FKIP of UMS. The learning in this research employed Inquiry Through Laboratory Work with two experiment groups: Organizational Skills and Communicative Skills. Data of critical thinking ability was collected using questionnaire. The data of verbal ability, written test score, and laboratory work test score were collected using test. The data of presentation was collected using presentation score sheet (for one group). The data of report score was collected using the assessment of student’s laboratory work report. The normality test was carried out using Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. Homogeneity test was carried out using Levene’s test. Hypothesis test was conducted using a three-way variance analysis with General Linear Model.
The result of research showed that: 1) there was no significant difference effect of mode on learning achievement; 2) there was no significant difference effect of critical thinking on learning achievement; 3) there was no significant difference effect of verbal ability on learning achievement; 4) there was no interaction between method and critical thinking ability on learning achievement, because the scores as relatively similar; 5) there was no interaction between mode and verbal ability on learning achievement, because the scores as relatively similar; 6) there was no interaction between critical thinking and verbal ability on learning achievement, because the scores as relatively similar; 7) there was no interaction between Model, and Critical Thinking and verbal ability on learning achievement, because the scores as relatively similar. Considering the result of learning employed Inquiry Through Laboratory Work with to appear component of Organizational skills and Communicative skills was visible less effective. It was reason controlling that difficult of each activity process of STP practical work, so it has impact of learning implementation.
Keywords: Inquiry Through Laboratory Work, Organizational Skills, Communicative Skills, Critical Thinking, and Verbal Ability.
