ABSTRAK
Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) KGPAA Mangkunagoro I Karanganyar
mempunyai fungsi sebagai sistem penyangga kehidupan, pelestarian
keanekaragaman hayati beserta ekosistem dan bermanfaat bagi kesejahteraan
masyarakat. Pengelolaan kawasan TAHURA secara efektif dan efesien untuk
menjaga kelestarian fungsi TAHURA, diperlukan penataan kawasan berupa
penentuan blok/zonasi ke dalam unit-unit bagian. Kajian sensitifitas ekologi
digunakan sebagai kriteria dalam penentuan blok/zonasi kawasan TAHURA.
Penelitian ini bertujuan 1. Mengidentifikasi kriteria Sensitifitas kawasan
TAHURA KGPAA Mangkunagoro I Karanganyar 2. Menentukan blok/zonasi
kawasan TAHURA KGPAA Mangkunagoro I berdasarkan tingkat sensitifitas.
Penggabungan penggunaan Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS) dan survei
digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat sensitifitas ekologi terhadap pengaruh
dinamika perubahan ekologi sesuai fungsi masing-masing blok/zonasi kawasan
TAHURA. Survei vegetasi dan satwa digunakan untuk mengetahui potensi biotik
kawasan TAHURA. Pengambilan sampel vegetasi dan satwa dengan membuat
metode transek line masing-masing jarak 400m, jumlah sampel vegetasi
sebanyak 46 petak ukur dan jumlah sampel satwa (aves) sebanyak 25 petak ukur.
Pengambilan sampel vegetasi bentuk petak ukur bujur sangkar dengan ukuran
kuadrat sesuai tingkat pertumbuhan, jarak antar petak ukur 100m. Pengamatan
satwa (aves) dalam radius 50m dengan jarak antar titik pengamatan 200m.
Hasil survei vegetasi dan satwa diklasifikasikan dalam penilaian skoring,
selanjutnya dimasukan kedalam peta vegetasi dan peta satwa. Peta kelerengan dan
ketinggian tempat dibuat dengan metode Digital Elevation Model (DEM) dari
peta kontur Rupa Bumi Indonesia (RBI) skala 1:25.000 dengan interval
ketinggian 12,5m dengan memanfaatkan software ArcGIS 10.0. Penentuan
sensitifitas ekologi merupakan hasil overlay atau tumpang susun dari peta
vegetasi, peta satwa, peta ketinggian tempat, dan peta kelerengan TAHURA.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat Sensitifitas kawasan TAHURA
Mangkunagoro I dalam penentuan blok/zonasi, yaitu: blok/zona perlindungan
107,25 ha (41,0%) sangat sensitive, blok koleksi sangat sensitif dan sensitif
136,51 ha (52,2%), blok pemanfaatan 17,46 ha (6,7%) sensitif dan tidak sensitive,
dan areal 0,46 ha (0,2%) tidak sensitif berada di tengah blok perlindungan masih
direncanakan sebagai blok/zona tradisional. Berdasarkan tingkat sensitifitas
kawasan TAHURA Mangkunagoro I, yaitu: sangat sensitif 130,48 ha (49,9%),
sensitif 122,66 ha (46,9%), dan tidak sensitif 8,55 ha (3,2%).
Kata kunci : Sensitifitas TAHURA, vegetasi, satwa, ketinggian, kelerengan,
penentuan blok/zonasi.
ABSTRACT
Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura = Great Jungle Park) of KGPAA
Mangkunagoro I Karanganyar serves to buffer life, living diversity and ecosystem
preservation, and is beneficial to the community welfare. The effective and
efficient management of TAHURA area to preserve the function of TAHURA
requires the organization of area related to determining block/zoning in some
units. The ecological sensitivity study is used as a criterion in determining
block/zoning of TAHURA area. This research aimed 1) to identify the sensitivity
criteria of TAHURA area of KGPAA Mangkunagoro I Karanganyar, and 2) to
determine the block/zoning in TAHURA area of KGPAA Mangkunagoro I
Karanganyar by sensitivity level.
The integration of geographical information system (GIS) and survey was
used to measure the level of ecological sensitivity to the effect of ecological
change dynamic according to the function of each block/zoning in TAHURA area.
Vegetation and wildlife survey was employed to find out the biotic potency of
TAHURA area. The sample of vegetation and wildlife was taken by means of
developing line transect method with 400 m distance, 46 compartments of
vegetation sample and 25 compartments of wildlife (aves) sample. The vegetation
sample with square compartment shape was taken using squared size according to
growth level and 100-m interval between compartments. The observation on
wildlife (aves) was conducted in 50 m radius and 200m interval between
observation points.
The result of vegetation and wildlife survey was classified in scoring, and
was included into vegetation and wildlife maps. Slope and height maps were
developed using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from Indonesian Earth Surface
(Rupa Bumi Ind contour map in scale 1:25,000 with height interval
of 12.5 m by utilizing ArcGIS 10.0 software. The determination of ecological
sensitivity constituted the overlay result of vegetation, wildlife, altitude, and slope
maps of TAHURA.
The result of research showed sensitivity level of TAHURA
Mangkunagoro I area in determining block/zoning: protection block/zone of
107.25 ha (41.0%) was very sensitive, collection block of 136.51 ha (52.2%) was
very sensitive and sensitive, utilization block of 17.46 ha (6.7%) was sensitive and
not sensitive, and of 0.46 ha (0.2%) was not sensitive existing amid protection
block still devised as traditional block/zone. Considering the sensitivity level, the
area of TAHURA Mangkunagoro I belonged to very sensitive of 130.48 ha
(49.9%), sensitive of 122.66 ha (46.9%) and not sensitive of 8.55 ha (3.2%).
Keywords: sensitivity of TAHURA, vegetation, wildlife, height, slope, block
determination/zoning
