ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Daun insulin atau yacon merupakan obat herbal yang banyak beredar di masyarakat karena dianggap mampu menurunkan kadar gula darah. Daun insulin mengandung fructooligosaccharida, flavonoid, smallanthaditerpenic acid A, B, C, D, phenol, chlorogenic, caffeic, dan ferulic, yang berperan dalam penurunan gula darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemberian berbagai dosis ekstrak daun insulin (Smallanthus sonchifolius) berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi aloksan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunaan metode eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan penelitian pre and post test control group design. Sampel terdiri dari 25 ekor tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus), berumur 2-3 bulan, dengan berat badan ± 200 gram. Sampel dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu: Kelompok Kontrol Positif (I); Kontrol Negatif (II); Daun Insulin dosis 1 (III); Daun Insulin dosis 1,5 (IV); Daun Insulin dosis 2 (V). Kelima kelompok tersebut diinduksi aloksan 150 mg/kg berat badan agar menjadi Diabetes Melitus (DM), kemudian diukur kadar gula darahnya sebagai pre test. Setelah itu kelompok I diberi metformin dan pakan standar selama penelitian berlangsung. Kelompok II diberi pakan dan aquadest. Kelompok III, IV, V diberi pakan standar dan ekstrak Daun Insulin dengan berbagai dosis (400, 600, 800 mg/kg berat badan) selama 2 minggu, kemudian diukur kadar gula darahnya lagi sebagai post test. Data kemudian diuji dengan menggunakan One Way Anova dan Uji t Berpasangan.
Hasil: Terjadi penurunan kadar gula darah pada kelompok I, III, IV, dan V. Kelompok II mengalami peningkatan kadar gula darah. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna dimana p = 0.000 dengan taraf signifikansi sebesar 0.05
Simpulan: Pemberian berbagai dosis ekstrak Daun Insulin (Smallanthus sonchifolius) berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi aloksan.
Kata Kunci: ekstrak Daun Insulin, yacon, Smallanthus sonchifolius, kadar gula darah
ABSTRACT
Background: Insulin leaf or yacon was a herbal medicine that widely used by today society. It was believed able to decrease blood glucose levels. Insulin leaf were containing fructooligosaccharida, flavonoid, smallanthaditerpenic acid A, B, C, D, phenol, chlorogenic, caffeic, and ferulic,that having a roles on decreasing blood glucose levels. The purpose of this research were to prove that multiple dose of yacon extract able to decrease blood glucose levels on aloxan induced white rats.
Methods: This was a laboratory experimental research with pre and post test control group design. Samples were consisted of 25 white rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 2-3 months old, weighted ± 200 grams. Samples were divided into 5 different groups, Group I was positive control, Group II was negative control, Group III was given 1 dose of yacon extract, Group IV was given 1.5 dose of yacon extract, and Group V was given 2 dose of yacon extract. All groups then induced by 150 mg/kg weight aloxan to make them diabetic. The blood glucose levels were measured afterwards as pre test. Group I were treated with metformin and standard pellet then. Group II were treated with aquadest and standard pellet. Group III, IV, and V were treated with multiple doses of insulin leaf extract (400, 600, 800 mg/kg weight) on 2 weeks long and the blood glucose levels were then measured as post test. The data were analyzed with One Way Anova and Paired t Test.
Results: The blood glucose level were decreased in Group I, III, IV, and V while in the other hand increased in Group II. The statistic analysis was showing a significant differences where p = 0.000 with significancy level 0.05.
Conclusion: The administration of multiple doses insulin leaf (Smallanthus sonchifolius) was able to decrease blood glucose levels on aloxan induced white rats
Keywords: Insulin leaf, yacon, Smallanthus sonchifolus, blood glucose level
