ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: <!--[if supportFields]>ADDIN CSL_CITATION {"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"URL":"https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/child-maltreatment","abstract":"Nearly 3 in 4 children - or 300 million children - aged 2–4 years regularly suffer physical punishment and/or psychological violence at the hands of parents and caregivers One in 5 women and 1 in 13 men report having been sexually abused as a child aged 0-17 years. 120 million girls and young women under 20 years of age have suffered some form of forced sexual contact. Consequences of child maltreatment include impaired lifelong physical and mental health, and the social and occupational outcomes can ultimately slow a country's economic and social development. Child maltreatment is often hidden. Only a fraction of child victims of maltreatment ever gets support from health professionals. A child who is abused is more likely to abuse others as an adult so that violence is passed down from one generation to the next. It is therefore critical to break this cycle of violence, and in so doing create positive multi-generational impacts. Preventing child maltreatment before it starts is possible and requires a multisectoral approach. Effective prevention approaches include supporting parents and teaching positive parenting skills, and enhancing laws to prohibit violent punishment. Ongoing care of children and families can reduce the risk of maltreatment reoccurring and can minimize its consequences.","accessed":{"date-parts":[["2022","9","28"]]},"author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"WHO","given":"","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"www.WHO.int","id":"ITEM-1","issued":{"date-parts":[["2022"]]},"title":"Child Maltreatment","type":"webpage"},"uris":["http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=b10e8b39-d046-4cf1-90a9-56d044f1ef91"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"(WHO, 2022)","manualFormatting":"WHO (2022)","plainTextFormattedCitation":"(WHO, 2022)","previouslyFormattedCitation":"(WHO, 2022)"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}<![endif]-->WHO (2022)<!--[if supportFields]><![endif]--> menyatakan bahwa 3 dari 4 anak (300 juta anak) berusia 2-4 tahun mengalami hukuman fisik dan/atau kekerasan psikologis oleh orang tua dan pengasuh. Sebanyak 120 juta perempuan dibawah usia 20 tahun mengalami kontak seksual secara paksa. The National Center for PTSD mengatakan bahwa 7 atau 8 dari 100 orang mengalami PTSD di beberapa titik dalam hidup mereka. Wanita lebih mungkin mengalami PTSD dibandingkan pria dan juga pengaruh gen dapat menyebabkan beberapa orang mengalami PTSD daripada yang lain <!--[if supportFields]>ADDIN CSL_CITATION {"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"URL":"https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd#:~:text=Anyone can develop PTSD at,some point in their lives.","abstract":"Anyone can develop PTSD at any age. This includes war veterans, children, and people who have been through a physical or sexual assault, abuse, accident, disaster, or other serious events. According to the National Center for PTSD, about 7 or 8 out of every 100 people will experience PTSD at some point in their lives. Women are more likely to develop PTSD than men, and genes may make some people more likely to develop PTSD than others. Not everyone with PTSD has been through a dangerous event. Some people develop PTSD after a friend or family member experiences danger or harm. The sudden, unexpected death of a loved one can also lead to PTSD.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"NIMH","given":"","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"www.nimh.nih.gov","id":"ITEM-1","issued":{"date-parts":[["2022"]]},"title":"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder","type":"webpage"},"uris":["http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=76b0726c-f2b0-4c43-9c6e-545a3e1a3db1"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"(NIMH, 2022)","plainTextFormattedCitation":"(NIMH, 2022)","previouslyFormattedCitation":"(NIMH, 2022)"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}<![endif]-->(NIMH, 2022)<!--[if supportFields]><![endif]-->.

Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan kajian sistematis dan meta-analisis. Pencarian artikel melalui database jurnal meliputi: Pubmed, Google Schoolar, Science Direct, Researchgate dan Springerlink. Artikel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu artikel yang telah dipubikasi dari tahun 2000-2022. Masalah penelitian PICO: Population= orang dewasa usia >18 tahun, Intervention= pengalaman kekerasan fisik dan seksual saat anak-anak, Comparison= tidak memiliki pengalaman kekerasan fisik dan seksual saat anak-anak, Outcome= PTSD. Artikel diseleksi dengan bantuan PRISMA flow diagram. Kriteria inklusi meliputi artikel full-text dengan desain studi cross sectional. Analisis yang digunakan regresi logistik multivariat dengan adjusted Odds Ratio dan diterbitkan dalam bahasa Inggris. Artikel yang telah memenuhi syarat dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi Revman 543.

Hasil: Sebanyak 11 artikel dilakukan review meta-analisis pada penelitian ini. Meta analisis dari 10 penelitian cross sectional menunjukkan bahwa orang dewasa dengan pengalaman kekerasan fisik pada masa anak-anak dapat memengaruhi resiko terjadinya Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) 1.87 kali dibandingkan orang dewasa yang tidak mengalami kekerasan fisik pada masa anak-anak (aOR=1.87 ; CI 95%=1.47-2.37; p<0>cross sectional menunjukkan bahwa orang dewasa dengan pengalaman kekerasan seksual pada masa anak-anak dapat memengaruhi resiko terjadinya Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) 2.67 kali dibandingkan orang dewasa yang tidak mengalami kekerasan seksual pada masa anak-anak (aOR=2.67 ; CI 95%=2.02-3.52; p<0>

Kesimpulan: Pengalaman kekerasan fisik dan seksual pada masa anak-anak meningkatkan resiko terjadinya Post Traumatic Stress Disorder pada saat dewasa.