ABSTRACT

Muhammad Rizky Sastroseogito. B0416040. The development of the Bromartani Newspaper in Surakarta in 1871-1932. History Study Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta.

This study aims to find out (1) The history of the publication of Bromartani in 1871, (2) the coverage of the Bromartani Newspaper during the Pakubuwana IX  period, (3) the coverage of the Bromartani Newspaper during the Pakubuwana X  period.

This study uses historical methods, which includes the Heuristic step, Source Criticism (Internal and External Criticism), Data interpretation and the last stage, Historiography. The source of this research was obtained from the archive collection of the Bromartani Newspapaer at the National Library of Indonesia, which later was observed to find the authenticity of the data and several reference books that assisted in the interpretation process in order to produce accountable historical writings.

Bromartani’s Newspaper 1871 is a follow-up newspaper from Djurumartani which changed its name by order of Pakubuwana IX to honor and commemorate the services of Bromartani 1855 which stopped publishing in 1856 as a pioneering regional language newspaper. Bromartani, as a newspaper affiliated with the Kasunanan Palace, also experienced a change in reporting along with the change of king from Pakubuwana IX to Pakubuwana X. At the beginning of its establishment, Bromartani reported on local events that were happening in Surakarta society as a result of the modernization of the Dutch government, and news of The Kasunanan Palace, then after the rise of Pakubuwana X the direction of reporting was dominated by political reporting to form national awareness by reporting on the efforts made by the Budi Oetomo and Sarekat Islam organizations in achieving Indonesian independence. Changes in the direction of reporting were also influenced by the emergence of organizations that began to engage in politics and the early 1900s was a period of national revival. These efforts received support from Pakubuwana X so they used Bromartani as a medium for spreading national awareness.

The conclusion of this study shows the influence of the Surakarta Palace in determining the direction of Bromartani's reporting following the perspective of the ruling Kasunanan Palace. The development of reporting on socio-cultural problems of the community later during the period of the national movement and Pakubuwana X's leadership also reported on the efforts of national organizations to achieve independence.

Keywords: Bromartani, Surakarta socio-politics, Surakarta socio-culture, Bromartani news.