PENGARUH KEMOTERAPI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KADAR PROGESTERON PADA PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA TRIPLE NEGATIF DI RSUD DR. MOEWARDI SURAKARTA

Handito Sarwwotatwadhiko¹, Widyanti Soewoto², Ida Bagus Budhi Surya Adnyana³

<!--[if !supportLists]-->          <!--[endif]-->¹General Surgery Resident, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret/Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia

<!--[if !supportLists]-->          <!--[endif]-->²Department of Oncology Surgery, Universitas Sebelas Maret/Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia

<!--[if !supportLists]-->          <!--[endif]-->³Department of Digestive Surgery, Universitas Sebelas Maret/Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia

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Abstrack

Background: Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer lacking estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors. The absence of these markers complicates targeted therapy, making chemotherapy the mainstay of treatment. While exogenous progestins have been linked to increased breast cancer risk, the role of endogenous progesterone, especially during chemotherapy, remains unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of chemotherapy on changes in progesterone levels among patients with TNBC at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.

Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 30 TNBC patients undergoing six cycles of chemotherapy. Blood samples were collected before the first and three weeks after the sixth chemotherapy session to assess serum progesterone levels. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test and Spearman correlation.

Results: After six chemotherapy cycles, progesterone levels decreased in 10 patients (33.3%), remained stable in 18 (60%), and increased in 2 patients (6.7%). The mean progesterone level showed a significant reduction (p=0.020). No significant correlation was found between progesterone changes and patient characteristics such as age, menarche, menopause, or parity. The findings suggest that chemotherapy may suppress endogenous progesterone production in TNBC patients.

Conclusion: Chemotherapy significantly reduces progesterone levels in TNBC patients. These hormonal changes might serve as an indicator of treatment response. Further studies using biomolecular approaches are recommended to validate the role of progesterone and its receptors, particularly membrane progesterone receptor alpha (mPRα), in TNBC progression and treatment outcomes.

Keywords: Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC); Chemotherapy; Progesterone; Hormone Receptor; mPRα; RSUD Dr. Moewardi