The research aims at revealing: (1) whether Role-Play technique improves the students’ speaking fluency at the tenth grade of SMA Negeri Karangpandan; and (2) the class condition when Role-Play is implemented in teaching students’ speaking fluency at tenth grade of SMA Negeri Karangpandan This classroom action research was conducted in the second semester of the tenth grade of SMAN Karangpandan in the academic year of 2013/2014. The procedures consist of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The sampling used was purposive sampling. The sample was one class which consisted of 36 students of class X.1. The technique used to collect quantitative data was pre-test and post-test. Meanwhile, the technique used for qualitative data were interview, observation, questionnaire, field note, and diary. Then, quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Furthermore, qualitative data were analyzed by using interactive model. The result of the research shows that the implementation of Role Play can improve students’ speaking fluency. This improvement includes; (a) students can speak in normal speed, (b) students produce less filler, (c) students produce less silent pause while speaking in front of the class. Meanwhile, teaching speaking fluency by implementing role play technique in the class could provide better atmosphere, it is indicated by the followings; (a) the condition of teaching and learning process become more alive and attractive; (b) role play technique could improve the students’ interest, participation, and the activeness in the class. In conclusion, Role Play is a technique to improve students’ speaking fluency to the tenth grade students of SMAN Karangpandan in the academic year of 2013/2014. However, in the implementation of the technique, a teacher must consider about the students’ condition. Hopefully, the implication of this research result can be used by English teacher in the teaching and learning process in teaching speaking.