Latar Belakang : Indonesia merupakan Negara berkembang yang masih menghadapi masalah gizi antara lain kekurangan energi protein, gangguan akibat kekurangan iodium, anemia gizi besi, dan kekurangan vitamin A. Perkembangan anak balita adalah segala perubahan yang terjadi pada anak balita dilihat dari berbagai aspek antara lain aspek motorik, emosi, kognitif, dan psikososial (bagaimana anak balita berinteraksi dengan lingkungannya). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara status gizi dengan perkembangan kognitif dan motorik, setelah mengontrol pengaruh faktor perancu pendidikan ibu dan suku bangsa.
Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah anak balita berumur 1-5 tahun yang tinggal di wilayah Puskesmas Klatak, Kecamatan Kalipuro dan dilakukan di Posyandu setempat. Sebanyak 104 subjek penelitian dipilih dengan menggunakan metode fixed-exposure sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data primer diperoleh melalui pengisian kuesioner. Status gizi anak balita diketahui melalui pemeriksaan antropometri secara langsung. Pengukuran perkembangan kognitif dan motorik anak balita dilakukan menggunakan formulir kuesioner pra skrining perkembangan (KPSP) dan formulir tes daya dengar (TDD) yang dikeluarkan oleh Kemenkes Republik Indonesia 2010. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi logistik ganda dan diolah dengan SPSS 18.0 for Windows.
Hasil Penelitian : Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi anak balita dengan perkembangan kognitif (OR=3,11; CI 95% 1,17sd 8,26; p=0,023), sedangkan perkembangan motorik secara statistik tidak signifikan (OR=1,48; CI 95% 0,55 sd 3,98; p=0,438).
Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara status gizi anak balita dengan perkembangan kognitif, terdapat hubungan tidak signifikan antara status gizi anak balita dengan perkembangan motorik, setelah mengontrol pengaruh pendidikan ibu dan suku bangsa sebagai faktor perancu.

Kata kunci :  Status Gizi, Pendidikan Ibu, Suku Bangsa, Perkembangan Kognitif dan Motorik

Background : Indonesia form a developing country that still facing nutritional problems such as protein energy deficiency, iodine deficiency disorders, iron deficiency anemia and vitamin A deficiency. Children growth defined as any changes which occur to children seen from various aspects such as: the aspects of motor, emotional, cognitive, and psychosocial (how the children interact with their surrounding environment). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutritional status with motor and cognitive development, after controlling for confounding factors influence of maternal education and ethnicity.
Method : This study was an analytic-observational study with cross sectional approach. The subjects were 1-5 years children living in the area of Puskesmas Klatak, Kalipuro district in Banyuwangi and conducted in Posyandu in the area. A total of 104 research subjects were selected by using fixed-exposure sampling method. The technique of collecting primary data was obtained by questionnaire . The nutritional status of the children was known through direct anthropometry examination. The measurement of motor and cognitive development of the children was carried out by use pre screening development (KPSP) and power hearing test (TDD) questionnaire forms issued by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia 2010. The data were then analyzed by use double logistic regression analysis and  processed with SPSS 18.0 for Windows.
Research results : There was a significant relationship between the nutritional status of children under five years and cognitive development (OR=3,11; C195%, 1,17 sd 8,26; p=0,023), while the motor development was not statistically significant (OR=1,48; C1 95% 0,05 sd 3,98’ p=0,438).

Conclusion :  There were a relationship between the nutritional status of children under five years with cognitive development, there is no significant  relationship between the nutritional status of children under five with motor development, after controlling the influence of maternal education and ethnicity for confounding factor.

Key words :  Nutritional Status, Maternal Education, Ethnicity, Motor and Cognitive Development