ABSTRAK
Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas proses
pembelajaran menulis puisi dan keterampilan menulis puisi melalui penerapan
pendekatan kooperatif tipe explicit instruction berbasis media gambar.
Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru pengampu pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dan
siswa SMP Warga Surakarta. Siswa yang menjadi subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas
VII-B yang sekaligus ditetapkan sebagai setting kelas. Data berupa RPP, foto, hasil tes,
catatan lapangan, catatan hasil dan wawancara. Data diperoleh dari dari informan,
proses pembelajaran, dan dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui
pengamatan, dialog dan wawancara, telaah dokumen, serta tes. Uji validasi data
menggunakan triangulasi metode dan triangulasi sumber data. Teknik analisis data
melalui teknik analisis kritis dan teknik deskriptif komparatif. Langkah-langkah metode
pembelajaran explicit instruction meliputi lima tahapan, yakni (1)menyampaikan dan
menetapkan tujuan pembelajaran. (2) mendemonstrasikan pengetahuan atau
keterampilan. (3) memberikan latihan dan bimbingan. (4) memeriksa pemahaman dan
memberikan umpan balik. (5) memberikan latihan lanjutan berupa latihan mandiri.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan pembelajaran
kooperatif tipe explicit instruction berbasis media gambar dapat meningkatkan kualitas
proses pembelajaran menulis puisi siswa yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya keaktifan,
perhatian, dan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa
dengan menerapkan pendekatan kooperatif tipe explicit instruction berbasis media
gambar dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis puisi siswa kelas VII-B SMP Warga
Surakarta. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil tindakan yang dilakukan selama dua
siklus. Pada pratindakan jumlah siswa memperoleh nilai di atas KKM (75) 3 siswa
(10%) dengan nilai rata-rata 59,11. Pada Siklus I siswa tuntas meningkat menjadi 14
siswa (46,66%) dengan nilai rata-rata 71,56. Pada siklus II siswa yang mencapai KKM
sebanyak 25 siswa (83,33%) dengan nilai rata-rata 82,83. Pada siklus II pencapaian nilai
baik secara kualitas proses maupun hasil telah mencapai ketuntasan yang lebih dari
80%. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran menulis puisi melalui
pendekatan kooperatif tipe explicit instruction berbasis media gambar dapat
meningkatkan kualitas proses maupun keterampilan menulis puisi siswa.
Kata kunci: explicit instruction, media gambar, keterampilan menulis puisi
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this classroom action research were to improving the quality of
learning process and skill of writing poem through the implementation of explicitinstruction
type of cooperative learning method based on pictures media.
The samples of this research consisted of the Indonesian Language’s teacher
and students of SMP Warga Surakarta. The students who become research subject is a
class VII is well estabilished as a class setting. The data of this research consisted of the
lesson plan, the photographs, the result of the test, the field note, the dialog and the
record of the interviews. The data of this research were gathered from informant,
location and process of learning, and document through observation, interview,
document and test. The validity of this research was tested by using the method and
data source triangulations. The data were then analyzed by using the critical analysis
technique and the comparative descriptive technique. There are five stages in
conducting explicit-instruction method. They are, (1) delivering and stipulating the
learning objective(s); (2) demonstrating cognition or skill; (3) giving activities and
guidance; (4) checking students’ understanding and giving feedback; and (5) giving
independent activity.
The research result showed that the implementation of explicit instruction by
using pictures media was able to improve the students’ quality in writing poem. It was
signified by the students’ improvement in terms of activeness, and attention as well as
the fluency of learning-process. This research also showed that by implementing
explicit instruction cooperative learning based on pictures media, students’ skill in
writing poem can be improved. It can be seen from the scores resulted from conducting
two cycles. In pre-research, there were only 3 students (10%) who passed the minimum
score and the class’ average score was 59.11. In cycle I, the students passing the
minimum score raised become 14 students (46.66%) and the class’ score average was
82.83. The more significant result can be seen in cycle II where the students’ both
process and product scores passing the minimum score reached more than 80%.
Accordingly, it can be concluded that students’ skill in writing poem can be improved
by implementing explicit instruction cooperative learning based on pictures media.
Keywords: explicit instruction, pictures media, and writing poem skill