ABSTRAK
Pembangunan prasarana jalan yang berkelanjutan menuntut ketersediaan aspal
yang memenuhi jumlahnya. Kebutuhan aspal di Indonesia 1,2 juta ton per tahun
tetapi hanya 50% yang dapat dipenuhi dalam negeri, sisanya dicukupi dengan
impor yang memerlukan biaya tinggi. Indonesia sebenarnya memiliki cadangan
aspal yang melimpah di pulau Buton tetapi belum banyak dipakai untuk bahan
baku perkerasan jalan. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini penulis berusaha
mengolah asbuton agar dapat dimanfaatkan secara mudah dan biaya yang murah.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komposisi asbuton emulsi
campuran dingin, hubungan waktu mixing fase padat terhadap kadar larutan
bitumen, hubungan waktu mixing fase padat terhadap berat jenis, dan hubungan
waktu mixing fase padat terhadap kadar air.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mencampur antara fase padat dan fase cair ke
dalam mesin ekstraksi selama 15 menit. Fase padat terdiri dari asbuton butir 42%
terhadap berat campuran dan kerosin sebagai bahan peremaja dengan variasi
kadar kerosin 8,33%, 8,96%, 9,58%, 10,21%, 10,83% yang dicampur
menggunakan mixer dengan variasi waktu 5, 10, 15, 20, dan 25 menit. Fase cair
terdiri dari Texapon sebagai bahan pengemulsi sebesar 1,25%, air RO 47,5% dan
HCl 0,63% terhadap berat total campuran. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian kadar
larutan bitumen, berat jenis dan kadar air RO.
Hasil analisis, komposisi yang menghasilkan kadar larutan bitumen tertinggi
adalah Asbuton Butir Tipe 5/20 42 %, Kerosin 10,21 %, Air RO 47,5 %, Texapon
1,25 %, dan Asam Klorida (HCl) 0,63 %, terhadap berat total. Semakin lama
waktu mixing fase padat maka persentase bitumen akan semakin meningkat, berat
jenis rata-rata asbuton emulsi semakin menurun dan kadar air RO akan semakin
mengalami peningkatan.
Kata kunci: Asbuton emulsi, kerosin, ekstraksi, kadar larutan bitumen.
ABSTRACT
A sustainable road infrastructure development requires the availability of asphalt
that meets the numbers. Asphalt in Indonesia needs 1.2 million tons per year but
only 50% can be met domestically, the remaining people satisfied with the high
cost of imports. Indonesia actually has a rich reserve of bitumen in Buton island
but has not been widely used for raw material roughness road. Therefore, in this
study the author seeks to cultivate asbuton that can be used easily and at low cost.
The purpose of this research is to know the composition of the emulsion cold mix
asbuton, solid phase mixing time relationship to levels of solution of bitumen,
solid phase mixing time relationship to gravity and solid phase mixing time
relationships to moisture content.
This research was conducted by means of mixing between the solid phase and
liquid phase extraction into the engine for 15 minutes. Solid phase composed of
asbuton grains of 42% of the weight of the mixture and kerosene as material make
teens with the variation of levels of 8.33%, kerosene 8,96%, 9.58%, 10.21%,
10,83% mixed using a mixer with 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 minutes. Liquid phase
consists of Texapon as an ingredient of 1.25% emulsifier, water RO 47,5% and
0.63% HCl to the total weight of the mixture. Then conducted testing levels of a
solution of bitumen, heavy type and moisture content RO.
Results of the analysis, the composition of which produce the highest levels of
bitumen solution is Asbuton Item Type 5/20 42%, Kerosene 10.21%, 47.5% Water
RO, Texapon 1.25%, and Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) 0.63%, of the total weight. The
longer time mixing the solid phase then the percentage of bitumen will increase,
the average density decreases asbuton emulsion and RO water levels will be
increased.
Keywords: Asbuton emulsion, kerosene, extraction, concentration bitumen
solution.