ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) mengembangkan instrumen penilaian two-tier test untuk mengukur Keterampilan Proses Sains (KPS) berbasis pendekatan saintifik, (2) mengetahui karakteristik instrumen penilaian two-tier test aspek pengetahuan yang memiliki syarat validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran, daya beda, dan indeks pengecoh sebagai soal yang baik, dan (3) membuat profil siswa sebagai bentuk laporan yang informatif dan mudah dibuat oleh guru.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang terdiri dari 4 tahapan, yaitu : (1) pemeriksaan pendahuluan, (2) penyesuaian teoritis, (3) uji empiris, dan (4) proses, hasil dokumentasi, analisa & refleksi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah guru kimia dan siswa kelas X di SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta, SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta, dan SMA Batik 2 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2014/2015. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara, tes, dan angket.
Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa : (1) pengembangan instrumen penilaian two-tier test dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap berdasarkan model Akker, meliputi : uji pendahuluan, penyusunan kisi-kisi dan butir soal, serta uji empiris, hingga dihasilkan produk akhir berupa instrumen two-tier test berjumlah 20 butir soal sebagai instrumen penilaian Keterampilan Proses Sains (KPS), (2) instrumen penilaian two-tier test layak dan memenuhi kriteria sebagai soal yang baik, yaitu validitas isi > 0,88; reliabilitas > 0,7; daya beda > 0,20; tingkat kesukaran untuk soal utama (first-tier) mencapai 40% mudah dan 60% sedang, dan tingkat kesukaran untuk soal alasan (second-tier) 55% mudah dan 45% sedang, serta indeks pengecoh telah berfungsi dengan baik, (3) profil siswa dikembangkan menggunakan program Microsoft Excel dengan beberapa bagian data, sehingga hasilnya layak digunakan sebagai sarana informatif untuk mengetahui keterampilan proses sains siswa.
Kata Kunci : two-tier test, keterampilan proses sains, Stokiometri, profil siswa
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to : (1) developed two-tier test as assesment instrument for measured science procces skills that used scientific approach, (2) known the characteristic of two-tier test for cognitive that had validity, reliability, difficulty level, discriminator power, and distractor index which fulfiled the condition of good test, (3) made the students profile as report that had informative criteria and easy to use by teachers.
This research and development, consisting 4 steps, there were : (1) preliminary investigation, (2) theoretical embedding, (3) empirical test, and (4) documentation, analysis, and reflection on process and outcome. Subject of this study was chemistry teachers and student of class X SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta, SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta, and SMA Batik 2 Surakarta academic year 2014/2015. Data were obtained through interviews, tests and questionnaires.
Based on research result revealed that : (1) two-tier test can be developed with some steps by Akker Models, were : preliminary investigation, made the plan of test, empirical test, and instrument attempt, that can produce the final product was two-tier test instrument with twenty questions ro measure science procces skills, (2) two-tier test instrument in this research has been proper and fulfil the condition of a good test, were had validity > 0,88; reliability > 0,7; dicriminator power > 0,20; difficulty level of first-tier reached 40% easy, 60% medium, and difficulty level of second-tier 55% easy and 45% medium, and distractor has good function, (3) student profile developed used Microsoft Excel program with had some part, that produce a has informative criteria to know student understanding and science procces skills.
Keywords : two-tier test, science procces skill, Stoikiometry, student’s profile