ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Kontrol asma terkait dengan kontrol manifestasi asma baik
dengan atau tanpa pengobatan. Rendahnya kontrol asma dapat mengakibatkan
meningkatnya keparahan asma. Efikasi diri telah dilaporkan berperan dalam
pengelolaan penyakit dan pemahaman atas kapasitas diri. Tujuan penelitian ini
untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara efikasi diri dengan tingkat kontrol
asma.
Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik
dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Besar
Masyarakat Paru (BBKPM) Surakarta pada September 2015 sampai Oktober
2015. Sampel dikumpulkan dengan metode consecutive sampling sebanyak 37
subjek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dari populasi pasien asma yang berobat di
Balai Besar Masyarakat Paru (BBKPM) Surakarta. Variabel yang diteliti yaitu
efikasi diri dan tingkat kontrol asma. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu General
Self Efficacy Scale (GSE) dan Asthma Control Test (ACT). Data dianalisis
menggunakan Chi Square dan korelasi Spearman dengan SPSS.
Hasil Penelitian : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, sebanyak 17 subjek (45,96%)
memiliki asma tidak terkontrol dengan efikasi diri yang kurang baik dan 8 orang
(21,62%) memiliki efikasi diri baik. Pasien asma yang terkontrol baik
menunjukkan efikasi diri yang kurang baik sebanyak 4 subjek (10,81%) dan 8
subjek (21,62%) memiliki efikasi diri baik. Terdapat hubungan antara efikasi diri
dan kontrol asma p = 0,046 (CI = 95%) yang secara statistik signifikan dengan
kekuatan korelasi positif lemah (r = 0,328).
Simpulan Penelitian : Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara efikasi diri dengan
tingkat kontrol asma.
Kata Kunci : Efikasi diri, kontrol asma, General Self Efficacy Scale (GSE),
Asthma Control Test (ACT)
ABSTRACT
Background: Asthma control related to manifestations of asthma are controlled
with or without treatment. Lack of asthma control may lead to an increase of
asthma severity. Self-efficacy has been reported play a role in disease
management and understanding of self-capacity. The purpose of this study to
determine the relationship between self-efficacy and asthma control level.
Methods: This study was an observational analitic with cross sectional approach.
The study was conducted at the Center of Lung Health Society (BBKPM)
Surakarta from September 2015 until October 2015. The data of this study were
collected by consecutive sampling method as much as 37 subjects who has been
selected based on inclusion from asthma patients population treated at the Center
for Lung Health Society (BBKPM) Surakarta. The variables studied were selfefficacy
and asthma control level. The research instruments used in this study
were the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and the Asthma Control Test (ACT).
Data were analyzed using Chi Square and Spearman correlation with SPSS.
Results: Based on this study, 17 subjects (45,96%) with uncontrolled asthma
showed low self-efficacy and 8 subjects (21,62%) showed high self-efficacy. Well
controlled asthma patients showed low self-efficacy as much as 4 subjects
(10,81%), and 8 subjects (21,62%) showed high self-efficacy. There was
significant relationship between self-efficacy in asthma control p = 0.046 (CI =
95%) with positive weak correlation (r = 0,328).
Conclusions: There was a significant association between self-efficacy and the
asthma control level.
Keywords: self-effica