ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas air pemeliharaanhubungannya dengan pertumbuhan dan struktur mikroanatomi (hepatopankreas danintestinum) udang vaname pada tambak budidaya yang dimiliki Kelompok Petani Ikan(POKDAKAN) Muncul Jaya di Kabupaten Brebes.Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-eksploratif, dengan teknik pengambilan sampelnon random purposive sampling dan random sampling. Luas tambak A 3.952 m2, tambak Bdan C 5.811 m2. Jumlah tebaran tambak A 300.000 ekor; padat tebar 75 ekor/m, tambak Bdan C 350.000 ekor; padat tebar 58 ekor/m. Penelitian dilakukan selama 56 hari. Metodepengambilan sampel dan analisis kualitas air pemeliharaan dilakukan sesuai denganprosedur kerja oleh Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan (BLK)-Yogyakarta, mengacu pada(APHA (2005), SNI (06-6989,11-2004), dan IKM-BLKY). Pengukuran pertumbuhan udangvaname disesuaikan berdasarkan rumus pertumbuhan spesifik dan mutlak. Analisis strukturmikroanatomi udang vaname menggunakan prosedur kerja oleh Laboratorium Patologi,Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Gadjah Mada dengan teknik pewarnaanHemaktosilin-Eosin. Teknik anlisis data yang digunakan adalah SPSS 17 dengan melakukanuji ANOVA multivariate, kualitas air pemeliharaan dan pertumbuhan serta strukturmikroanatomi udang vaname menggunakan analisis deskriptif.Kualitas air tambak Akesesuaian dan kualitas air pemeliharaan tambak A dan B tidak sesuai dan tercemar; sertatambak C kurang sesuai dan tercemar. Secara keselurahan pertumbuhan udang vaname dariminggu pertama hingga minggu kedelapan di ketiga tambak kurang memenuhi standar,namun pengecualian untuk pertumbuhan (berat) udang vaname pada minggu keenam dankedelapan di tambak A telah memenuhi standar MBW. Pertumbuhan udang tambak A>B>C.Parameter kualitas air pemeliharaan (suhu, salinitas, pH, DO, alkalinitas, NH3, NO2-, NO3-,2- 2-dan PO4 ; TSS, TDS, BOD, COD, Cu, Pb, H2S, SO4 , Fe, warna, kekeruhan, dan zat yangteroksidasi dengan KMnO4) mempunyai hubungan dengan pertumbuhan udang vaname.Dari parameter tersebut yang mempunyai pengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan adalahsuhu, salinitas, pH, DO, alkalinitas, NH3, NO2-, PO42-, TSS, Cu, Pb, H2S, dan Fe). Terdapathubungan antara kualitas air pemeliharaan (suhu, pH, salinitas, Cu, Pb, Fe, dan H2S) denganstruktur mikroanatomi udang vaname, yaitu dengan diketahui adanya kerusakan hipertrofidan vakuolisasi dalam sitoplasma serta autolisis.Kata kunci: Kualitas air pemeliharaan, pertumbuhan, struktur mikroanatomi(hepatopankreas dan intestinum), udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone).ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to find the relationship between water qualitymaintenance and vaname shrimp and microanatomy structure (hepatopancreas and intestine)on cultivation pond of Muncul Jaya Fish Farmers Group (POKDAKAN) in Brebes district.This research is a descriptive-exploratory type, with a non-random purposive andrandom sampling. The pond A area is 3.952 m2 while pond B and C area are both estimatedat 5.811 m2. The amount of started in pond A is 300.00 vaname shrimp (75 vanameshrimp/m), pond B and C are 350.000 vaname shrimp (58 vaname shrimp/m). This researchwas conducted during 56 days. Water quality maintenance analysis was performed by BLK,which refered to APHA (2005), SNI (06-6989,11-2004), and IKM-BLKY methods. Themeasurement of vaname shrimp growth was adjusted on specific and absolute growthformula. Microanatomy structure of vaname shrimp analysis was performed by PathologyLaboratory, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Gadjah Mada, which Hematoxiline-Eosine staining technique. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 17 programs. Water qualitymaintenace and vaname shrimp growth data were analysed by multivariate ANOVA andregression testing, while vaname shrimp microanatomy structure data was analysed bydescriptive analysis.Vaname shrimp in pond A showed the best growth performance than vaname shrimp inpond B and C (pond A>pond B>pond C). Water quality maintenance status in pond A wasnot appropriate and polluted, pond B was not appropriate and polluted, and pond C was notappropriate and more polluted. Generally, vaname shrimp growth in all ponds during theresearch periode did not follow the standard (except for vaname shrimp weight on the sixthand eight weeks in pond A were meet the MBW standard). This happened because waterquality maintenance parameters such as (temperature, salinity, pH, DO, alkalinity, NH3,2- 2-NO2-, NO3-, and PO4 ; TSS, TDS, BOD, COD, Cu, Pb, H2S, SO4 , Fe, color, turbidity, andsubstances that are oxidized whit KMnO4) were not meet the quality standard criteria. Waterquality maintenance parameters have a relationship with vaname shrimp growth.Temperature, salinity, pH, DO, alkalinity, NH3, NO2-, PO42-; Cu, Pb, H2S, and Fe, theseparameters of water maintenance have significant effects on vaname shrimp growth. Therewas a relationship between water quality maintenance (temperature, pH, salinity, Cu, Pb, Fe,and H2S) with vaname shrimp microanatomy structure. There was known by autolysishypertrophy and vacuolization demage in autoplasm.Keywords: Water quality maintenance, growth, mikroanatomi structure (hepatopancreas andintestine), vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone).