Abstrak

Baterai lithium merupakan wujud energi masa depan yang ramah lingkungan dan dapat mengurangi penggunaan bahan bakar fosil yang semakin menipis. Alternatif produk yang sedang dikaji untuk pengembangannya yaitu pemanfaatan baterai pak lithium untuk motor listrik, motor listrik konversi, drone, dan pengganti aki kering. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk membangun sebuah model dalam menentukan kebutuhan investasi pengembangan baterai lithium untuk motor listrik, motor listrik konversi, drone, dan pengganti aki kering. Langkah selanjutnya yaitu dilakukan proses capital budgeting terkait keempat produk yang sedang dijalankan dikarenakan terdapat keterbatasan modal yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan. Proses capital budgeting atau penganggaran modal terdiri dari dua bagian yaitu pembelajaan modal (capital financing) dan alokasi modal (capital allocation). Keempat produk yang menjadi objek dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis kelayakan ekonomi menggunakan metode Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), dan Payback Period (PP). Selanjutnya, masalah yang telah dipetakan akan diselesaikan dengan pendekatan metode linear programming dan goal programming. Pada penelitian ini, proses penganggaran modal dilakukan secara bertahap dengan kompleksitas yang meningkat menggunakan empat tahapan pengembangan model. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan model 1 kombinasi proyek yang optimal yaitu proyek baterai pak motor listrik dan proyek baterai pak motor listrik konversi. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan model 2 kombinasi proyek yang optimal yaitu proyek baterai pak motor listrik dan proyek baterai pak motor listrik konversi. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan skenario model 3 kombinasi proyek yang optimal yaitu proyek baterai pak motor listrik konversi dan proyek baterai pak drone. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan skenario model 4, maka proyek yang paling prospektif yaitu proyek baterai pak motor listrik dan proyek baterai pak motor listrik konversi.
Kata kunci: baterai lithium, capital budgeting, goal programming, investasi, linear programming

Abstract

Lithium batteries are a form of future energy that is environmentally friendly and can reduce the use of depleting fossil fuels. UNS Lithium Battery Production Unit is currently a commercialization laboratory that is conducting a demonstration of the development of several uses of lithium battery products. This research was conducted with the aim of building a model in determining the investment needs for the development of lithium batteries for electric motors, electric conversion motors, drones, and dry battery replacements. The next step is to carry out the capital budgeting process.The capital budgeting process or capital budgeting consists of two parts, namely capital expenditure (capital financing) and capital allocation (capital allocation). The four products that are the object of this study are analyzed for their economic feasibility using the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period (PP) methods. Furthermore, the problems that have been mapped will be solved using the linear programming and goal programming approach. In this study, the capital budgeting process is carried out in stages with increasing complexity using four stages of model development. Based on the calculation of model 1, the optimal combination of projects is the electric motor battery pack project and the electric motor conversion battery pack project. Based on the results of the calculation of model 2, the optimal project combination is the electric motor battery pack project and the electric motor conversion battery pack project. Based on the results of the calculation of scenario model 3, the optimal project combination is the electric motor battery pack conversion project and the drone pack battery project. Based on the calculation of scenario model 4, the most prospective projects are the electric motor battery pack project and the electric motor conversion battery pack project.

Key words: capital budgeting, goal programming, investment, linear programming, lithium battery,