ABSTRAK

Riyesti Hero Fresna. S022008051. Meta-Analisis Pengaruh Tempat Tinggal Terhadap Risiko Kecemasan Dan Depresi Pada Populasi Umum Selama Pandemi COVID-19. Tesis. Pembimbing I: Bhisma Murti. Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Pembimbing II: Hanung Prasetya. Politeknik Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan Surakarta.

Latar Belakang: Area tempat tinggal merupakan salah satu aspek yang berpengaruh pada kesehatan jiwa seseorang terutama dalam masa pandemi COVID-19. Perbedaan area tempat tinggal, menentukan frekuensi paparan informasi pandemi berupa informasi valid invalid yang semakin masif, sehingga antara area urban dan rural dapat berpotensi mengalami risiko depresi dan kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tempat tinggal terhadap risiko kecemasan dan depresi pada populasi selama pandemi COVID-19.

Subjek dan Metode: Meta-analisis dilakukan dengan mencari artikel dari Google Scholar, Pubmed, dan ScienceDiret. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian artikel yaitu “infodemic social media” AND “rural vs urban areas” AND “gender” AND “depression and anxiety” OR “mental health risk”. Kata kunci lain yang digunakan “COVID-19 information” AND “residence” AND “mental health” OR “depression and anxiety”. Penyertaan kriteria dalam penelitian ini adalah artikel teks lengkap, tahun 2020-2021, dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Analisis artikel dilakukan menggunakan RevMan 5.3.

Hasil Penelitian: Ada 12 artikel yang dianalisis, hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh tempat tinggal di area urban memiliki risiko 1.47 kali mengalami permasalahan kesehatan jiwa berupa kecemasan selama pandemi COVID-19 dengan hasil secara statistik signifikan kecemasan (aOR= 1.47; 95% CI= 1.18 hingga 1.83) dengan heterogenitas I2= 96%. Kemudian, pengaruh tempat tinggal di area urban memiliki risiko 1.53 kali mengalami permasalahan kesehatan jiwa berupa depresi selama pandemi COVID-19 dengan hasil secara statistik signifikan depresi (aOR= 1.53; 95% CI= 1.25 hingga 1.86) dengan heterogenitas I2= 97%.

Kesimpulan: Adanya pengaruh signifikan tempat tinggal di area urban terhadap permasalahan kesehatan jiwa berupa kecemasan dan depresi selama pandemi COVID-19.

Kata Kunci: rural vs urban areas, covid-19, mental health, depression and anxiety, general population

ABSTRACT

Riyesti Hero Fresna. S022008051. Meta-Analysis the Effect of Residence on the Risk of Anxiety and Depression in General Population during COVID-19 Pandemic. Thesis.  Supervisor I: Bhisma Murti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Supervisor II:  Hanung Prasetya. Health Polytechnics, Ministry of Health Surakarta.

Background: The area of residence is one aspect that affects a person's mental health, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The difference in the area of residence determines the frequency of exposure to pandemic information in the form of valid invalid information which is increasingly massive, so that between urban and rural areas there can be a potential risk of depression and anxiety. This study aimed to analyze the effect of residence on the risk of anxiety and depression in the population during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Subjects and Method: The meta-analysis was performed by searching for articles from Google Scholar, Pubmed, and ScienceDiret. The keywords used in the article search were “infodemic social media” AND “rural vs urban areas” AND “gender” AND “depression and anxiety” OR “mental health risk”. Other keywords used were “COVID-19 information” AND “residence” AND “mental health” OR “depression and anxiety”. The inclusion criteria in this study were full-text articles, 2020-2021, with a cross-sectional study design. Article analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.

Results: There were 12 articles analyzed, the results showed that the effect of living in an urban area had a 1.47 times risk of experiencing mental health problems in the form of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic with a statistically significant result of anxiety (aOR= 1.47; 95% CI= 1.18 to 1.83) with heterogeneity I2= 96%. Then, the effect of residence in urban areas has a 1.53 times risk of experiencing mental health problems in the form of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic with a statistically significant result of depression (aOR= 1.53; 95% CI= 1.25 to 1.86) with heterogeneity I2= 97%.

Conclusion: There is a significant effect of living in an urban area on mental health problems such as anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords: rural vs urban areas, covid-19, mental health, depression and anxiety, general population