ABSTRACT

Nabila Maharani Lutfi. 2024. Directive Speech Acts Analysis on The Protagonist and Antagonist Characters and Their Characterizations in Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows Movie. Undergraduate Thesis. English Department. Faculty of Cultural Sciences. Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta.

Supervisor: Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D.

This study is conducted to analyze Directive Speech Acts Analysis on The Protagonist and Antagonist Characters and Their Characterizations in Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows Movie by using the theory of directive speech acts classified by Searle (1979) and the stages of movie staging proposed by Martin & Rose (2007). The research objectives of this study are: (1) to find out the types of directive speech acts used in the movie. (2) to identify the differences in the use of directive speech acts expressed by protagonist and antagonist characters to express the desires. (3) to examine the characterization of the protagonist and antagonist based on the types of directive speech acts used in the movie. (4) to explore the development of the characterization of the protagonist and antagonist from orientation, complication, evaluation and resolution based on the types of directive speech acts used in the movie. This research uses qualitative descriptive method. The location of this study is an action movie entitled Sherlock Holmes: A Game of shadows which was released in 2011. The whole data of this study is taken from the movie script which consists of dialogues between the protagonist and antagonist characters. According to the research findings, there are 10 types of directive speech acts that have been identified with a total of 160 data. The directive speech acts used by the protagonist have a total of 123 data. Meanwhile, the directive speech acts used by the antagonist have a total of 37 data. It consists of asking, ordering, permitting, advising, requesting, inviting, begging, praying, commanding, and entreating. The directive speech acts of asking and advising, then followed by commanding appear more often with the most number of data in the complication as the problem increases. It also affects the characterization of the protagonist and antagonist.