Hubungan hs-CRP dengan Status Gizi pada Pasien Anak dengan Penyakit Jantung
Bawaan Asianotik Latar belakang. Penyakit
jantung bawaan (PJB) asianotik merupakan kelainan jantung kongenital yang
sering disertai gangguan pertumbuhan dan malnutrisi. Inflamasi kronis diduga
berperan dalam terjadinya gangguan status gizi, sehingga high-sensitivity
C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) berpotensi menjadi biomarker inflamasi yang
berkaitan dengan status gizi pada anak dengan PJB asianotik.Tujuan. Menganalisis
hubungan kadar high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) dengan status gizi
pada anak dengan penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB) asianotik di RSUD Dr. Moewardi
Surakarta.Metode. Penelitian dengan desain potong lintang
dilakukan pada 38 anak dengan PJB asianotik. Status gizi dinilai berdasarkan
antropometri WHO, sedangkan kadar hs-CRP diperiksa menggunakan metode
high-sensitivity CRP. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square/Fisher
Exact Test dan regresi logistik bivariat, sedangkan analisis multivariat
menggunakan regresi logistik metode backward LR. Analisis Receiver Operating
Characteristic (ROC) digunakan untuk menentukan nilai cut-off ukuran
defek PJB dan hs-CRP terhadap status gizi.Hasil. Sebanyak 38 pasien
dianalisis, dengan mayoritas berjenis kelamin perempuan, berusia kurang dari
lima tahun, dan diagnosis terbanyak adalah atrial septal defect (ASD). Sebanyak
55,2% subjek mengalami gizi kurang atau gizi buruk, sedangkan median kadar hs-CRP
sebesar 0,05 mg/L. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar hs-CRP
dengan status gizi (p>0,05). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa ukuran
defek PJB merupakan faktor yang berhubungan secara independen dengan status
gizi. Analisis ROC menunjukkan ukuran defek memiliki kemampuan diskriminasi
yang cukup baik terhadap status gizi (AUC 0,703; 95% CI 0,538–0,868; p=0,033)
dengan titik potong >0,750 cm, sedangkan hs-CRP tidak menunjukkan kemampuan
diskriminasi yang bermakna.Kesimpulan. Kadar hs-CRP tidak berhubungan dengan status gizi
pada anak dengan PJB asianotik. Sebaliknya, ukuran defek PJB merupakan
prediktor yang lebih baik terhadap gangguan status gizi dibandingkan hs-CRP,
sehingga evaluasi faktor hemodinamik perlu menjadi perhatian utama dalam
identifikasi dini anak PJB yang berisiko mengalami malnutrisi Kata kunci: hs-CRP, penyakit jantung bawaan asianotik, status gizi, anak, ukuran
defek Association Between High-Sensitivity C-Reactive
Protein and Nutritional Status in Children with Acyanotic Congenital Heart
Disease Background. Acyanotic
congenital heart disease (CHD) is frequently associated with growth impairment
and malnutrition. Chronic inflammation is considered to contribute to poor
nutritional status, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been
proposed as a potential inflammatory biomarker in children with acyanotic CHD.Objective. To determine the association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
(hs-CRP) levels and nutritional status in children with acyanotic congenital
heart disease (CHD) at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta.Methods. This cross-sectional study included 38 children with acyanotic CHD.
Nutritional status was assessed using WHO anthropometric standards, while
hs-CRP levels were measured using a high-sensitivity assay. Bivariate analyses
were performed using Chi-square/Fisher's exact test and bivariate logistic
regression. Multivariate analysis was conducted using backward logistic
regression. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to
determine the optimal cut-off values for cardiac defect size and hs-CRP.Result. A total of 38
children with acyanotic CHD were enrolled in this study. Most participants were
female, younger than five years of age, and had atrial septal defect (ASD) as
the most common diagnosis. Overall, 55.2% of the subjects were undernourished
or severely undernourished, with a median hs-CRP level of 0.05 mg/L. There was
no significant association between hs-CRP levels and nutritional status
(p>0.05). Multivariate analysis identified cardiac defect size as an
independent factor associated with nutritional status. Receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that defect size had acceptable
discriminatory performance for predicting impaired nutritional status
(AUC=0.703; 95% CI=0.538–0.868; p=0.033), with an optimal cutoff value of
>0.750 cm, whereas hs-CRP showed no significant discriminatory performance.
Conclusion. High-sensitivity
C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were not associated with nutritional status
in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease. In contrast, cardiac
defect size was a better predictor of impaired nutritional status than hs-CRP,
suggesting that hemodynamic burden plays a more important role than low-grade
systemic inflammation in the development of malnutrition among children with
acyanotic congenital heart disease.